disorder中等

Tim Harford, author of Messy: The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, day by day.

《混乱：无序改变生活的力量》一书的作者蒂姆·哈福德提到20世纪80年代初的一项研究，该研究把大学生分成两组：一组被建议制定每月的目标和学习活动；另一组则被要求逐日、更加详细地规划活动和目标。

For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation.

对他来说，秩序并非来自遗忘或无视困扰我们生存的种种混乱；秩序是一种必然的发展，是一种可能通向古希腊精神升华理想的进步。

While hunter-gatherer children learnt from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups, researchers said that western “instructive teaching”, where pupils are asked to sit still, may contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

狩猎采集社会的孩子在混龄游戏群体中通过观察和模仿来学习，而研究人员称，西方要求学生安静坐好的“指令式教学”可能会导致注意缺陷多动障碍等问题。