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n. 工厂14 次
Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion.
在四个大型哲学班中，一半学生阅读了一篇关于工厂化养殖肉类伦理问题的文章，可选择性地观看了一段关于该话题的11分钟视频，并参加了50分钟的讨论。
To become much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively — meaning fewer green fields and more factory-style production.
要大幅提高自给率，英国需要大幅减少动物性食品的消费，可能还要进行更集约化的耕作——这意味着更少的绿地和更多工厂式的生产。
factory-style production needs reforming.
工厂式生产需要改革。
Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay Office — a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.
狄更斯出生于英格兰南部海岸的朴次茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母分别是管家和女管家，因为当过仆人，地位更低，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的出身。据说狄更斯的母亲出身于一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被抓，逃往欧洲大陆，再也没有回来。家境日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在12岁时辍学，到沃伦鞋油作坊——一家鞋油厂——做工，在那里其他做工的男孩嘲笑他是“小绅士”。后来他的父亲因负债入狱。父亲入狱的屈辱和他在鞋油厂做工的经历成了狄更斯最大的创伤，也成了他最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子吐露这些事，尽管它们构成了他小说中未被承认的基础。
Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay Office — a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.
狄更斯出生于英格兰南部海岸的朴次茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母分别是管家和女管家，因为当过仆人，地位更低，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的出身。据说狄更斯的母亲出身于一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被抓，逃往欧洲大陆，再也没有回来。家境日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在12岁时辍学，到沃伦鞋油作坊——一家鞋油厂——做工，在那里其他做工的男孩嘲笑他是“小绅士”。后来他的父亲因负债入狱。父亲入狱的屈辱和他在鞋油厂做工的经历成了狄更斯最大的创伤，也成了他最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子吐露这些事，尽管它们构成了他小说中未被承认的基础。
Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few.
在全国各地，工厂主们正在应对一个新的挑战：他们面临的可能不是工人太多，而是最终工人太少。
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For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers — and upward pressure on wages.
对工厂主来说，这一切意味着对工人的激烈争夺——以及工资上涨的压力。
Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.
邓韦尔先生已经开始带高中三年级学生到工厂参观，让他们接触工厂文化。
But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory.
但要赢得这些年轻工人，制造商们必须跨越另一个主要障碍：经历过大萧条以来美国最严重经济衰退的父母们告诉他们要远离工厂。
says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.
说对工厂主来说，由于竞争激烈，工人更难找了。
The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.
建造新住房、工厂和办公楼的明智之地是人们聚居的地方，即基础设施已经到位的城镇。
As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs — about 6 million in total — disappeared.”
正如戴维森所指出的：“在截至2009年的10年里，（美国）工厂裁员速度之快，几乎抹去了此前70年的全部增长；大约每三个制造业岗位中就有一个——总计约600万个——消失了。”
factories are making much less money than before.
工厂的盈利比以前少得多。
They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.
他们担心人才流失会损害本国经济，使本国失去急需的技术人才，而这些人本可以在本国大学任教、在本国医院工作，并为本国工厂设计出巧妙的新产品。