plate简单

Throughout the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the “collodion process” that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture, then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment — several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp. While veterans of previous expeditions wrote at length about stunning trail sights, these vivid photographs were another thing entirely.

在整个旅途中，杰克逊使用“火棉胶工艺”同时摆弄多台相机和多种尺寸的底片，这种工艺要求他先给底片涂上一层化学混合物，然后曝光，再用便携式暗室冲洗出影像。这种简陋的技术需要凭经验推测曝光时间，而且所用设备笨重难使——需要好几个人协助搬运。尽管困难重重，杰克逊还是拍下了几十张引人注目的照片，从他那张如今已闻名于世的老忠实泉快照这样的壮丽画面，到营地里考察队员的随意肖像，不一而足。以往考察的老手们曾长篇累牍地描写沿途的壮丽景色，而这些生动的照片则完全是另一回事。

Throughout the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the “collodion process” that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture, then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment — several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp. While veterans of previous expeditions wrote at length about stunning trail sights, these vivid photographs were another thing entirely.

在整个旅途中，杰克逊使用“火棉胶工艺”同时摆弄多台相机和多种尺寸的底片，这种工艺要求他先给底片涂上一层化学混合物，然后曝光，再用便携式暗室冲洗出影像。这种简陋的技术需要凭经验推测曝光时间，而且所用设备笨重难使——需要好几个人协助搬运。尽管困难重重，杰克逊还是拍下了几十张引人注目的照片，从他那张如今已闻名于世的老忠实泉快照这样的壮丽画面，到营地里考察队员的随意肖像，不一而足。以往考察的老手们曾长篇累牍地描写沿途的壮丽景色，而这些生动的照片则完全是另一回事。

During the 1840s and 1850s, in the early days of photography, exposure times were notoriously long: the daguerreotype photographic method (producing an image on a silvered copper plate) could take several minutes to complete, resulting in blurred images as sitters shifted position or adjusted their limbs.

在19世纪40年代和50年代，即摄影的早期，曝光时间之长是出了名的：银版照相法（在镀银铜板上成像）可能需要几分钟才能完成，拍摄对象一挪动位置或调整四肢，图像就会模糊。