show简单

The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon has landed a scholarly punch after groundbreaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children’s literacy and emotional development.

这位来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福的文法学校男孩在学术上打出了漂亮的一拳：一项开创性研究表明，莎士比亚确实有益于儿童的读写能力和情感发展。

“The research shows that the way actors work makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves,” Jacqui O’Hanlon of the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which commissioned the study, said.

委托开展这项研究的皇家莎士比亚剧团（RSC）的杰姬·奥汉隆说：“研究表明，演员的工作方式对孩子们使用语言的方式以及他们如何看待自己有很大影响。”

The peer-reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils drew on a wider vocabulary, used words “classed as more sophisticated or rarer”, and wrote at greater length.

经同行评审的结果显示，实验组学生使用的词汇更广，用了“被归为更高级或更罕见”的词，而且写得更长。

The study showed the importance of embedding arts in education, she said.

她说，这项研究表明了将艺术融入教育的重要性。

Control pupils’ reliance on “desert island clichés” shows their ____

对照组学生对“荒岛套话”的依赖表明了他们____

The “ZIP disk” is cited as an example to show ____

引用“ZIP磁盘”的例子是为了说明____

Peters’ signature shot is a butterfly “take-off”, showing the multiple wing-beats of one butterfly in one frame as it lifts off from a flower. How does he capture it? Technology helps. A typical digital SLR camera shoots 20 frames a second. He uses a high-speed OM System which shoots 120 frames a second.

彼得斯的招牌镜头是蝴蝶“起飞”，在一帧画面中展现一只蝴蝶从花朵上起飞时的多次振翅。他是如何拍到的？技术帮了忙。一台普通的数码单反相机每秒拍摄20帧，而他使用的是每秒可拍120帧的高速OM System相机。

And while you might [fear] coming across as incompetent, there’s actually research that shows that advice-seekers are [perceived] as more competent, not less.

而且，虽然你可能{{14}}显得无能，但实际上有研究表明，寻求建议的人会被{{15}}更有能力，而不是更无能。

The findings showed that help-seekers generally underestimate how [willing] other people will be to help and how good it will make the help-giver feel (for most people, having the chance to help someone is highly [rewarding]).

研究结果显示，求助者普遍低估了别人有多{{17}}提供帮助，也低估了帮忙会让助人者感觉多好（对大多数人来说，有机会帮助别人是非常{{18}}的）。

Mumbai’s case shows that India’s heat alert systems need to ____

孟买的案例表明，印度的高温预警系统需要____

show a shared trait in humans and animals.

体现了人类和动物的共同特点。

show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time.

表明当时制钉技术的珍贵。

Using tracking devices, researchers have shown that they have “remarkable spatial acuity.”

研究人员借助追踪设备证明，它们拥有“非凡的空间敏锐度”。

(50) The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat, and secondly to assess the quality of the trees within each patch.

（50）实验表明，大象很可能利用嗅觉来识别适合取食的树丛，其次还用嗅觉来评估每片树丛中树木的质量。

Several American cities are mentioned to show ____

文中提到几座美国城市是为了说明____

The research findings are cited in Paragraph 1 to show ____

第1段引用研究结果是为了说明____

She shows no concern for pre-teens.

她毫不关心青春期前的孩子。

The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 shows that ____

第5段提到的研究表明____

There is no experimental evidence showing that it interferes with our ability to focus, for instance, wrote psychologists Christopher Chabris and Daniel J. Simons.

例如，心理学家克里斯托弗·查布里斯和丹尼尔·J. 西蒙斯写道，没有实验证据表明互联网会干扰我们的专注能力。

Sparrow’s study shows that with the Internet, the human brain will ____

斯帕罗的研究表明，有了互联网，人脑将会____

Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increases as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older.

其他研究表明，叛逆行为在人进入青少年时期时会增多，随后随着年龄增长逐渐消退。

But the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior.

但这项新研究表明，有趣的是，亲社会行为也遵循同样的模式。

show affection for their parents.

对父母表现出爱意。

The reworked version of The Four Seasons is mentioned to show that ____

提到《四季》的改编版是为了表明____

Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment.

调查显示，年轻一代更关心气候变化，而植物肉的成功在一定程度上可归因于购物者希望表明自己保护环境的愿望。

Even more surprising is that more than half of “unretires” — those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring — said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed.

调查显示，更令人惊讶的是，超过一半的“不退休者”——那些计划在退休后工作或退休后重返工作岗位的人——表示，即使他们有足够的钱安顿下来，晚年也还会去工作。

Because of longer life spans, Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs, the TD Ameritrade study showed, which surveyed 2,000 adults between 40 to 79.

德美利证券的这项研究调查了2,000名40至79岁的成年人，结果显示，由于寿命延长，美国人也在增加储蓄以保住他们的养老金。

The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show ____

提到2019年关于暗黑模式的研究是为了说明____

Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence — classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism, showing it as achievable or more common.

施维茨格贝尔猜测，最大的影响来自社会影响——主持讨论的同学或助教可能分享了自己的素食经历，表明素食是可以做到的或更为普遍的。

Ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to 2012 — including during Indonesia’s phase-in of the antipoverty program — in 7,468 forested villages across 15 provinces.

费拉罗分析了卫星数据，这些数据显示了2008年至2012年间（包括印度尼西亚逐步推行扶贫计划期间）15个省份7468个林区村庄每年的森林损失情况。

And regardless of transferability, the study shows that what’s good for people may also be good for the environment.

而且无论能否推广，这项研究都表明，对人有益的东西也可能对环境有益。

The study based on an area in Mexico is cited to show that ____

引用基于墨西哥某地区的研究是为了说明____

As a historian who’s always searching for the text or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past, I’ve become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian ancestors smiling (what better way to shatter the image of 19th-century prudery?).

作为一名总在寻找能让我们重新评价过去的文字或图像的历史学家，我开始热衷于寻找那些展现我们维多利亚时代祖先微笑的照片（还有什么比这更好的方式来打破19世纪拘谨古板的形象呢？）。

Of course, I need to concede that my collection of “Smiling Victorians” makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance.

当然，我必须承认，我收集的“微笑的维多利亚人”只占1840年至1900年间所拍摄的大量肖像照中极小的一部分，其中大多数照片里的拍摄对象都在彩绘背景前愁眉苦脸、姿势僵硬，或是茫然地凝视着不远处。

They show effects of different exposure times.

它们展示了不同曝光时间的效果。

Mark Twain is quoted to show that the disapproval of smiles in pictures was ____

引用马克·吐温的话是为了说明，对照片中笑容的反感是____

show partiality in treating clients.

在对待客户时有所偏袒。

“There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does,” says Pedro Domingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science professor at the University of Washington.

“有实验表明，面试结果自然而然地比人工智能的结果带有更多偏见，”《终极算法：机器学习和人工智能如何重塑世界》一书的作者、华盛顿大学计算机科学教授佩德罗·多明戈斯说。

Watch people get on and show their tickets.

看看人们上车出示车票。

AT&T is cited to show ____

引用AT&T是为了说明____

The report by the University of Leeds shows that in the UK ____

利兹大学的报告显示，在英国____

Other research shows we’re better at detecting deception from thin slices when we rely on intuition instead of reflection.

其他研究表明，当我们依靠直觉而非反思时，我们更善于从“薄片”中识破欺骗。

Judith Hall mentions driving to show that ____

朱迪思·霍尔提到开车是为了说明____

[While] studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no [conclusive] evidence that it causes cancer in humans.

虽然研究表明丙烯酰胺会对小鼠造成神经损伤，但并没有确凿证据表明它会导致人类患癌。

The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.

Sci-Hub依靠研究人员转发他们自己合法获取的副本而取得成功，这表明合法的出版生态系统已在其用户中失去了正当性，必须加以变革，使其对所有参与者都有效。

In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way.

在社交场合，与他人进行眼神交流可以表明你在以友好的方式关注对方。

“Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity — where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them,” says Quinn.

“已有研究表明，老鼠会进行多种形式的互助与合作，包括所谓的直接互惠——即一只老鼠会帮助之前帮助过它的另一只老鼠，”奎因说。

The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots.

这一发现表明老鼠对社交信号有多么敏感，即使这些信号来自简单的机器人。

I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia.

我逐渐认识到糟糕论文的各种迹象：比如那种声称每周吃一公斤以上西兰花的人晚年患恶性贫血的可能性是吃得少的人的1.17倍的论文。

In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing.

在多项研究中，马尔蒂等人已经证明，内疚和同情可能代表着通往合作与分享的不同途径。

Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing ____

马尔蒂等人已经证明，合作与分享____

For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage.

有一段时间，文学界对这一公共舞台毫无兴趣。

For one [trial], each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.

在其中一项试验中，研究人员向每位参与者展示了一堆笔，并声称这些笔来自之前的一项实验。

A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of ____

提到断了的自行车链是为了说明学生缺乏____

The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that ____

哈福德引用的20世纪80年代初的研究表明____

The underlined sentence (Para. 1) most probably shows that the court ____

画线句（第1段）最有可能表明法院____

Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ____

拉德斯基的食物品尝练习表明，母亲使用电子设备____

Radesky cites the “still face experiment” to show that ____

拉德斯基引用“静止脸实验”是为了说明____

Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.

来自美国和澳大利亚的研究表明，休过间隔年的学生通常比没有休过的学生对大学准备得更充分，在大学里表现得也更好。

shows

显现（show up）

The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep — and bone-showing.

然而，法国的这些举措过于依赖严厉的惩罚，来改变一种仍把美视为肤浅外表——乃至骨感——的文化。

showing little concern for health factors.

对健康因素漠不关心。

While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.

尽管民意调查显示，英国人把“乡村”与王室、莎士比亚和国民医疗服务体系（NHS）并列为最让他们为祖国感到自豪的事物，但这种情感在政治上得到的支持却很有限。

shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.

表明他无视乡村地区的特色。

In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of ____

在最后一段中，作者表达了对____的赞赏。

It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe.

即使在最平凡的生活情境中，它也一直在帮你分辨是非、好坏和敌友。

show

显示

Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.

查尔斯应该知道，正如英国历史所表明的，君主制最大的敌人是国王，而不是共和派。

Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?

根据第4段，下列哪一项被认为是奇怪的？

In Paragraphs 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that ____

在第5、6段中，作者表达了他的担忧：____

The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows ____

作者认为当前普遍的信条体现了____

But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving.

但它们表明，理解不仅包括被动吸收，还包括积极参与推理和解决问题。

They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.

他们引用了几位作者以往的研究，以表明要缩小成就差距，就必须缩小这方面的差距。

shows a general tendency of decline.

总体呈下降趋势。

This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.

这样做会贬低你自己的看法，并表明你没有能力掌控自己的生活。

Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done.

神经科学家，即研究神经系统的专家，越来越多地证明，实际上我们可以做很多事情。

Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copán collapsed.

勘测的范围可以是单个大型聚居地，也可以是整片地域。在一个案例中，许多在洪都拉斯古玛雅城市科潘周边工作的研究人员，借助航拍照片和徒步勘测，找到了数百个小村落和独立住所。由此绘制的聚落地图显示，从公元500年到科潘衰亡的850年间，该城周边农村人口的分布和密度发生了巨大变化。

His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics.

他的作品要求演奏者展现勇气，比如在力度的运用上。

Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.

研究表明，教师、雇主和医疗专业人员都对肥胖者怀有偏见。

These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive.

这两位学者借助一系列行为研究表明，最能带来回报的花钱方式可能与直觉相悖。

McRib is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to show that ____

第3段提到麦肋排堡是为了说明____

Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others — all obviously statistical impossibilities.

社会心理学家对他们所谓的“高于平均效应”或“虚幻优越感”积累了海量研究，并表明，例如，70%的人认为自己的领导力高于平均水平，93%的人认为自己的驾驶水平高于平均水平，85%的人认为自己在与人相处方面高于平均水平——这些在统计上显然都是不可能的。

In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem.

事实上，那些认为吸引力等级更高的照片是真实照片的人，恰恰与那些表现出其他高自尊特征的人直接对应。

Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.

有证据显示，如果取消这一上限，未来五年可以多建6万套新房，使GDP增长0.6%。

British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through.

从这次精心挑选但规模相对不大的展览来看，英国大地艺术并不是要把意志强加于风景，而更像是一种在途经之时创作的、以风景为导向的轻概念艺术。

The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years — so why shouldn’t we?

化石记录表明，许多物种已经存续了数百万年——那我们为什么不能呢？

To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five.

研究表明，要准确判断一个人是否善于交际，我们至少需要一分钟，最好是五分钟。

Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions ____

我们对快餐标志的反应表明，仓促的决定____

After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions — no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them.

毕竟，四十年来的证据已经表明，无论对欧洲和美国的公司施加多大的“软压力”，它们都在回避按照能力录用女性并将其提拔到高层职位。

An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits — as well as negative ones — spread through networks of friends via social communication.

越来越多的研究表明，积极的健康习惯——以及消极的习惯——会通过社交沟通在朋友网络中传播。

Paragraph 5 shows that our imitation of behaviors ____

第五段表明，我们对行为的模仿____

Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it ____

第三段表明，一项发现主张在____之后变得可信

The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions ____

威斯康星州工会的例子表明工会____

(50) Chomsky's grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.

(50) 乔姆斯基的语法理论应该显示出不受语系谱系或其演变路径影响的语言变化模式，而格林伯格的普遍性理论则预言特定类型的词序关系之间存在很强的相互依存性。

In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results.

在许多方面，美国进入这次衰退时的社会包容度比历史上任何时候都高，而此后各种关于社会冲突的全国性民调结果则好坏参半。

The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.

这期杂志封面上一位漂亮的母亲抱着可爱的婴儿，但这绝不是本周报刊亭里唯一的“圣母与圣子”式图片。

But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred.

但研究人员认为，如果外部董事在坏消息曝光之前离开公司，他们就更容易使自己的声誉免受打击，即使回顾历史会发现不当行为发生时他们正在董事会任职。

subscribers were unhappy with new shows.

订户对新节目不满意。

radio shows have changed little over the years.

多年来无线电节目几乎没有变化。

are famous for their music shows.

以音乐表演而闻名。

But the age of streaming has been a boon for some unintended winners: pirates that use software to rip a film or television show in seconds from legitimate online video platforms and host the titles on their own, illegitimate services, which rake in about $2 billion annually from ads and subscriptions.

但流媒体时代却让一些意想不到的赢家获益：盗版者利用软件在几秒钟内从正规在线视频平台上扒下一部电影或电视节目，放到自己的非法平台上，这些平台每年从广告和订阅中捞取约20亿美元。

“The people who are stealing our movies and our television shows and operating piracy sites are not mom and pop operations,” says Charlie Rivkin, chief executive officer of the MPA.

美国电影协会首席执行官查理·里夫金说：“那些盗取我们的电影和电视节目、经营盗版网站的人，并不是小打小闹的家庭作坊。

Although good TV shows can help stir children’s interest in conservation, they cannot replace the excitement of a zoo visit as an intense, immersive and interactive experience.

虽然好的电视节目有助于激发孩子们对动物保护的兴趣，但它们无法取代参观动物园这种强烈、沉浸式、互动式的体验所带来的兴奋。

The other issue is that many children — especially older ones — may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside, Calif.

加州里弗赛德诺里斯集团的亚伦·诺里斯说，另一个问题是，许多孩子——尤其是年龄较大的孩子——可能是从HGTV（家居园艺频道）的节目中获得房地产知识的。

Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.

普里斯特利解释说，助理毛衣的那种深蓝色是如何经过数年从时装秀流传到百货商店，再流落到特价货柜里——这个可怜的姑娘无疑就是在那里找到这件衣服的。