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- n. 根据地未考
大纲外大纲词表没有列出、但真题里用到的意思。
v. （on）把...基于45 次
Science-based analytical approaches proved remarkably successful in the hunt for German submarines in the Atlantic Ocean.
基于科学的分析方法在大西洋搜寻德国潜艇的行动中被证明非常成功。
The target group were given a 30-minute drama-based activity to accompany the passage.
实验组还额外参加了一个30分钟、配合该段落的戏剧活动。
Initially the rise of legitimate online businesses such as Netflix actually helped curb digital piracy, which had largely been based on file uploads.
起初，奈飞等正规在线企业的兴起实际上帮助遏制了数字盗版，当时的盗版主要基于文件上传。
A citizen science-based approach can extend the field of vision and include different ideas and different brains to problem-solve and create, making innovation faster and more effective.
基于公民科学的方法可以拓展视野，容纳不同的想法和不同的头脑来解决问题和进行创造，使创新更快、更有效。
Notably, Broadway stands out as one of the few areas in NYC that defies the grid-based system applied to the rest of the city, cutting a diagonal across parts of the city.
值得注意的是，百老汇是纽约市少数不遵循全市其他地方所采用的网格系统的区域之一，它斜穿城市的部分地区，十分显眼。
The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana, where each child is cared for by many adults.
这一观点基于对博茨瓦纳昆族等群体的研究，在那里，每个孩子都由许多成年人照料。
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The tool, along with other popular image-generation AI models, allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.
这一工具和其他流行的图像生成人工智能模型一样，让任何人都能根据文字提示创作出令人惊艳的图像。
Artists say they risk losing income as people start using AI-generated images based on copyrighted material for commercial purposes.
艺术家们表示，随着人们开始将基于受版权保护素材生成的人工智能图像用于商业目的，他们面临着收入减少的风险。
They then set up a “food station” experiment, in which they gave the elephants a series of choices based only on smell.
然后他们设置了一个“食物站”实验，让大象仅凭嗅觉做出一系列选择。
More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats, but both have exploded into major supermarket categories.
最近，人们对益生菌和植物肉也有过类似的怀疑，但两者都已迅猛发展成超市的主要品类。
Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment.
调查显示，年轻一代更关心气候变化，而植物肉的成功在一定程度上可归因于购物者希望表明自己保护环境的愿望。
The only previous study analyzing causality, based on an area in Mexico that had instituted CCTs, supported the traditional view.
此前唯一一项分析因果关系的研究以墨西哥一个实行了CCT的地区为基础，它支持了传统观点。
The study based on an area in Mexico is cited to show that ____
引用基于墨西哥某地区的研究是为了说明____
From the early days of broadband, advocates for consumers and web-based companies worried that the cable and phone companies selling broadband connections had the power and incentive to favor affiliated websites over their rivals’.
从宽带发展早期开始，消费者和网络公司的拥护者就担心，销售宽带连接的有线电视公司和电话公司有能力也有动机偏袒其附属网站，而亏待竞争对手的网站。
bring web-based firms under control.
控制网络公司。
Insurance companies, meanwhile, can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately assess risk.
与此同时，保险公司可以根据能更准确评估风险的人工智能模型来确定保费。
But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn’t help.
但改为以植物性食物为主的饮食也无济于事。
We’re fairly good at judging people based on first impressions, thin slices of experience ranging from a glimpse of a photo to a five-minute interaction, and deliberation can be not only extraneous but intrusive.
我们相当擅长根据第一印象来判断他人，这些第一印象是从瞥一眼照片到五分钟互动不等的经验“薄片”，而深思熟虑不仅可能是多余的，甚至可能是干扰。
The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an “important” policy interest.
美国最高法院不赞成基于性别的分类，除非其目的在于维护某种“重要的”政策利益。
Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services.
数字服务涵盖从提供在线销售商品和服务的平台到根据用户数据定向投放广告的一切业务，该税适用于此类服务的总收入。
Whenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI.
新加坡一家机构的首席执行官陈杰豪指出，每当决策基于海量数据时，“你很快就会陷入大量伦理问题”。该机构正在帮助政府制定一套关于合乎伦理地使用人工智能的自愿性准则。
There are also incentive-based ways of making better environmental choices easier, such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.
还有一些基于激励的方法可以让人们更容易做出更环保的选择，比如确保回收至少和丢弃垃圾一样方便。
"Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn't base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions," Hampson said.
“在做出房产决策之前和孩子们谈谈是明智的，但我不会仅凭他们的意见来做购房决定，”汉普森说。
The other issue is that many children — especially older ones — may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside, Calif.
加州里弗赛德诺里斯集团的亚伦·诺里斯说，另一个问题是，许多孩子——尤其是年龄较大的孩子——可能是从HGTV（家居园艺频道）的节目中获得房地产知识的。
advises that home purchases should not be based only on children's opinions.
建议购房不应仅仅基于孩子的意见。
believes that homebuying decisions should be based on children's needs rather than their opinions.
认为购房决策应基于孩子的需求而非他们的意见。
The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are ____
法院的裁决基于这样一个假设：公职人员____
Such visions are based on the [downsides] of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.
这些设想是基于在一个建立在就业观念之上的社会中失业的{{12}}。
On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”
另一方面，特罗尼克本人担心，对孩子使用屏幕的忧虑源于一种“要求父母应该始终与孩子互动的压迫性观念”：“这种观念有点脱离现实，非常白人化，非常中上阶层化，它认为如果你没能让孩子接触到三万个单词，你就是在忽视他们。”
In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR.
总之，该研究得出结论：尽管检察官本应仅根据案件的是非曲直来评判，但他们似乎确实受到了公司企业社会责任记录的影响。
According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.
根据普林斯顿大学的研究，人们仅凭你的外表，在十分之一秒内就会评估出你的能力、可信度和亲和力。
For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.
例如，学生们正在开发的一款应用程序能根据你的心情推荐电影。
This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.
根据即将发表在《心理科学》杂志上的一篇论文那令人沮丧的开头，这造成了“一个悖论”：招收第一代大学生，却眼看着他们中的许多人失败，这意味着高等教育“一直在复制并扩大而非缩小”基于社会阶层的成就差距。
The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university.
论文作者来自不同的大学，他们的结论基于对一所未具名私立大学的147名（完成该项目的）学生进行的研究。
Their thesis — that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact — was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.
他们的论点——相对温和的干预可以产生巨大影响——基于这样一种观点：第一代大学生最缺乏的可能不是潜力，而是如何应对大多数大学生所面临问题的实用知识。
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step [further] and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental [sharpness].
如今，一家新的网络公司更进一步，开发出了首个“大脑训练项目”，旨在切实帮助人们提高并恢复头脑的敏锐度。
The Web-based program [allows] you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills.
这个网络项目使你能够系统地提高记忆力和注意力。
They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research.
它们可能会扭曲以同行评审为主导的研究中基于成就的体系。
the achievement-based system.
基于成就的体系。
As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
一如既往，过去是通往未来的钥匙：我们现在已经识别出足够多塑造地球及人类历史的长期规律，从而能够对我们的后代将要面临的处境做出有据可依的预测。
Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work [against] the disappearance of the paper system.
尽管电子支付手段可能比基于纸质的支付系统更高效，但有几个因素阻碍着纸质系统的消失。
John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on ____
约翰·戈特曼说，可靠的快速反应是基于____
He appears as a character, or a [collection] of American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of G.I. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle.
在1945年根据战地记者厄尼·派尔最后时日改编的电影《大兵乔的故事》中，他作为一个角色出现，或者说是美国人各种性格的集合体。
It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange.
一年后，她才成为一家小型网上商品交易所的负责人。
If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.
如果天要塌了、股价在下跌，外部董事应该能够凭借自己渡过危机的经验提供建议。
v. 以…为基地，设在大纲外9 次
Karla Ortiz, an illustrator based in San Francisco who found her work in Stable Diffusion’s data set, has been raising awareness about the issues around AI art and copyright.
旧金山插画师卡拉·奥尔蒂斯在 Stable Diffusion 的数据集中发现了自己的作品，她一直在努力提高人们对人工智能艺术与版权相关问题的认识。
“I’m excited about our progress,” says Brown, who harvests eggs for Denver-based NestFresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat.
“我对我们取得的进展感到兴奋，”布朗说。他为总部位于丹佛的NestFresh鸡蛋公司收集鸡蛋，并且正在增种更多能吸引蠕虫和蟋蟀供鸡食用的覆盖作物。
Unfortunately, many people who are opting to work in retirement are preparing to do so because they are worried about making ends meet in their later years, said Brent Weiss, a co-founder at Baltimore-based financial-planning firm Facet Wealth.
总部位于巴尔的摩的理财规划公司Facet Wealth的联合创始人布伦特·韦斯说，不幸的是，许多选择在退休后工作的人之所以准备这样做，是因为他们担心晚年难以维持生计。
“They bought the seedlings and closed them down,” complained Paul Arnold, a partner at San Francisco-based Switch Ventures, putting an end to businesses that might one day turn into competitors.
“他们买下这些幼苗，然后把它们关掉了，”总部位于旧金山的Switch Ventures的合伙人保罗·阿诺德抱怨道，这样就终结了那些有朝一日可能成为竞争对手的企业。
Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a “GAFA tax,” meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon — in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.
许多法国政界人士和媒体将其称为“GAFA税”，意思是该税主要针对谷歌、苹果、脸书和亚马逊等公司——换句话说，就是总部设在美国的跨国科技公司。
“Millennials wanted more flexibility in their lives,” notes Tanya Michelsen, Associate Director of YouthSight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth.
“千禧一代希望生活更具灵活性，”YouthSight的副总监塔尼娅·米歇尔森指出。YouthSight是一家总部位于英国的品牌管理公司，定期对英国青年进行为期60天的调查，其调查结果可能同样适用于美国青年。
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Whenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI.
新加坡一家机构的首席执行官陈杰豪指出，每当决策基于海量数据时，“你很快就会陷入大量伦理问题”。该机构正在帮助政府制定一套关于合乎伦理地使用人工智能的自愿性准则。
Younger children should feel like they're choosing their home — without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, real estate attorney based in New York.
纽约的房地产律师亚当·贝利说，应该让年幼的孩子感觉是自己在选房子——但实际上并不让他们在这件事上做选择。
Many of the aspects of homebuying aren't a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif.
加州圣克拉丽塔的房产经纪人特蕾西·汉普森说，购房涉及的许多方面都不是孩子会考虑的。
n. 基础，底部2 次
Georgia offers up to 30% in transferable tax credits on film and TV production costs, plus an additional 10% increase on the base tax credit if the project includes a Georgia promotional logo.
佐治亚州为影视制作成本提供最高30%的可转让税收抵免，如果项目中包含佐治亚州的宣传标志，还能在基础税收抵免之上额外增加10%。
Science education today revolves around the idea of scientific literacy — the base-level knowledge about science that nonscientists require to effectively get on in the world.
当今的科学教育围绕着“科学素养”这一理念展开——即非科学工作者在世界上有效立足所需的基础科学知识。