city简单

The slow sea level rise in the Mediterranean [submerged] the city more than 3,000 years ago.

地中海海平面的缓慢上升在3000多年前{{3}}了这座城市。

For millennia, the city’s [remains] lay unseen below some 13 feet of water.

数千年来，这座城市的{{4}}一直隐没在约13英尺深的水下，无人看见。

That day’s high temperature of roughly 36°C was 1°C shy of the heat wave alert threshold for coastal cities set by national meteorological authorities.

当天约36°C的最高气温比国家气象部门为沿海城市设定的热浪预警阈值低1°C。

Among other things, she says, all cities should create a vulnerability map to help focus responses on the populations most at risk.

她说，除此之外，所有城市都应绘制一张脆弱性地图，以帮助将应对措施集中在风险最高的人群身上。

In Nagpur, for example, Kotharkar’s team has been able to advise city officials about where to plant trees to provide shade.

例如，在那格浦尔，科塔卡尔的团队已经能够就在哪里植树遮阴向市政官员提出建议。

Notably, Broadway stands out as one of the few areas in NYC that defies the grid-based system applied to the rest of the city, cutting a diagonal across parts of the city.

值得注意的是，百老汇是纽约市少数不遵循全市其他地方所采用的网格系统的区域之一，它斜穿城市的部分地区，十分显眼。

Notably, Broadway stands out as one of the few areas in NYC that defies the grid-based system applied to the rest of the city, cutting a diagonal across parts of the city.

值得注意的是，百老汇是纽约市少数不遵循全市其他地方所采用的网格系统的区域之一，它斜穿城市的部分地区，十分显眼。

the growth of New York City.

纽约市的发展。

To those of you in the comments section who are having strong feelings about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain and returned to their countries of origin, I would ask you to consider: why do you think Americans have more of a right to easily access the Benin Bronzes than the people of Nigeria?

对于评论区里那些对文物从美国和英国的城市移走、归还原属国反应强烈的人，我想请你们思考一下：为什么你们认为美国人比尼日利亚人更有权利便捷地看到贝宁青铜器？

Instead, says Coyle, resentment is simmering among many as the benefits are perceived to go to elites in a handful of prosperous cities.

科伊尔说，事实恰恰相反，由于人们认为好处都流向了少数繁荣城市的精英，许多人心中的怨恨正在酝酿。

According to the Brookings Institution, a short list of eight American cities that included San Francisco, San Jose, Boston, and Seattle had roughly 38% of all tech jobs by 2019.

据布鲁金斯学会称，截至2019年，包括旧金山、圣何塞、波士顿和西雅图在内的寥寥八座美国城市拥有大约38%的科技工作岗位。

New AI technologies are particularly concentrated: Brookings’s Mark Muro and Sifan Liu estimate that just 15 cities account for two-thirds of the AI assets and capabilities in the United States.

新的人工智能技术尤其集中：布鲁金斯学会的马克·穆罗和刘思帆估计，仅15座城市就占据了美国三分之二的人工智能资产和能力。

The dominance of a few cities in the invention and commercialization of AI means that geographical disparities in wealth will continue to soar.

少数城市在人工智能发明和商业化方面的主导地位意味着财富的地域差距将继续急剧扩大。

Several American cities are mentioned to show ____

文中提到几座美国城市是为了说明____

They were typically [located] outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by local governments or [privately].

它们通常位于城市或村庄的城墙之外，一般由地方政府出资或由私人出资修建。

Boston took things even further, requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.

波士顿走得更远，要求出租者在该市的检查服务局登记。

Horn said similar registration requirements could benefit struggling cities and towns, but “if we want to make a change in the housing market, the main one is we have to build a lot more.”

霍恩说，类似的登记要求可能会让处境艰难的城镇受益，但“如果我们想改变住房市场，最主要的是我们必须建造更多的房子。”

The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017, and has been awarded to Coventry for 2021.

该提议主张这一奖项应与现有的“文化之城”称号并列，后者2017年由赫尔获得，2021年的称号已授予考文垂。

Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in £220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, ought not to be confined to cities.

库珀和她的同事们认为，这一桂冠在赫尔取得的成功——为当地带来了2.2亿英镑的投资和大量艺术活动——不应只局限于城市。

They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.

它们改变了当地居民的抱负；它们推动城市的自我形象变得更大胆、更乐观。

It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations.

要做好这一点很难，需要非凡的远见，也需要市政当局、私营部门、社区团体和文化组织之间的合作。

But it can be done: Glasgow’s year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of a complex series of factors that have turned the city into the powerhouse of art, music and theatre that it remains today.

但这是可以做到的：格拉斯哥作为“欧洲文化之都”的那一年，无疑可以被看作是一系列复杂因素之一，正是这些因素使这座城市成为了至今仍是艺术、音乐和戏剧重镇的地方。

consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.

巩固英国城镇与城市之间的联系。

Madrid’s back and forth on clean air is a pointed reminder of the limits to the patchwork, city-by-city approach that characterises efforts on air pollution across Europe, Britain very much included.

马德里在清洁空气问题上的反复，尖锐地提醒人们：整个欧洲（英国也绝不例外）治理空气污染所特有的那种拼凑式、各城市各自为政的做法存在局限。

Madrid’s back and forth on clean air is a pointed reminder of the limits to the patchwork, city-by-city approach that characterises efforts on air pollution across Europe, Britain very much included.

马德里在清洁空气问题上的反复，尖锐地提醒人们：整个欧洲（英国也绝不例外）治理空气污染所特有的那种拼凑式、各城市各自为政的做法存在局限。

Among other weaknesses, the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically controversial, and therefore vulnerable.

在诸多弱点中，城市在被迫独自治理污浊空气时必须采取的措施在政治上存在争议，因而容易被推翻。

But mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town.

但对于一个远远超出任何一个城镇范围的问题，市长和议员们所能做的十分有限。

Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas — city centres, “school streets”, even individual roads — are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.

禁止高污染汽车进入某些区域——市中心、“学校街道”，甚至个别道路——的限制措施，是对缺乏更大力度的努力的一种回应，这种努力指的是切实执行现有法规并要求汽车公司使其车辆达标。

Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?

以下哪项被认为是城市层面治理污浊空气措施的一个弱点？

improve the city’s traffic.

改善该市的交通。

improve the city’s image.

提升城市形象。

It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.”

其具体目的是为城市居民提供休闲空间，让他们能够呼吸到“清新的空气”。

The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.

建造新住房、工厂和办公楼的明智之地是人们聚居的地方，即基础设施已经到位的城镇。

So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness [measured] by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.

于是他们将盖洛普民调{{6}}的美国各城市平均幸福度与这些地区上市公司的投资活动进行了比较。

But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities [explain] why firms there spend more on R&D?

但与投资相关的真的是快乐吗？还是更快乐的城市的其他某些因素可以{{9}}那里的公司为何在研发上投入更多？

And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra).

因此，除中东外，欧洲是世界上君主最多的地区，共有10个王国（不包括梵蒂冈和安道尔）。

Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.

20世纪70年代修建墨西哥城地铁期间，数以千计的阿兹特克文物重见天日。

In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

在另一个案例中，美国考古学家勒内·米利翁和乔治·考吉尔花了数年时间，系统地绘制了墨西哥谷地中特奥蒂瓦坎全城的地图，该城位于今墨西哥城附近。在公元600年前后的鼎盛时期，这座城市是世界上最大的人类聚居地之一。研究人员不仅绘制了该城宏大华丽的礼仪区域，还绘制了数百处普通百姓居住的较简陋的公寓建筑群。

In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

在另一个案例中，美国考古学家勒内·米利翁和乔治·考吉尔花了数年时间，系统地绘制了墨西哥谷地中特奥蒂瓦坎全城的地图，该城位于今墨西哥城附近。在公元600年前后的鼎盛时期，这座城市是世界上最大的人类聚居地之一。研究人员不仅绘制了该城宏大华丽的礼仪区域，还绘制了数百处普通百姓居住的较简陋的公寓建筑群。

In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

在另一个案例中，美国考古学家勒内·米利翁和乔治·考吉尔花了数年时间，系统地绘制了墨西哥谷地中特奥蒂瓦坎全城的地图，该城位于今墨西哥城附近。在公元600年前后的鼎盛时期，这座城市是世界上最大的人类聚居地之一。研究人员不仅绘制了该城宏大华丽的礼仪区域，还绘制了数百处普通百姓居住的较简陋的公寓建筑群。

In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

在另一个案例中，美国考古学家勒内·米利翁和乔治·考吉尔花了数年时间，系统地绘制了墨西哥谷地中特奥蒂瓦坎全城的地图，该城位于今墨西哥城附近。在公元600年前后的鼎盛时期，这座城市是世界上最大的人类聚居地之一。研究人员不仅绘制了该城宏大华丽的礼仪区域，还绘制了数百处普通百姓居住的较简陋的公寓建筑群。

Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copán collapsed.

勘测的范围可以是单个大型聚居地，也可以是整片地域。在一个案例中，许多在洪都拉斯古玛雅城市科潘周边工作的研究人员，借助航拍照片和徒步勘测，找到了数百个小村落和独立住所。由此绘制的聚落地图显示，从公元500年到科潘衰亡的850年间，该城周边农村人口的分布和密度发生了巨大变化。

Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copán collapsed.

勘测的范围可以是单个大型聚居地，也可以是整片地域。在一个案例中，许多在洪都拉斯古玛雅城市科潘周边工作的研究人员，借助航拍照片和徒步勘测，找到了数百个小村落和独立住所。由此绘制的聚落地图显示，从公元500年到科潘衰亡的850年间，该城周边农村人口的分布和密度发生了巨大变化。

In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call forth the spirit of plant and animal life, if only symbolically, through a clumplike arrangement of materials, an introduction of colors, small pools of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals.

在纽约市的大多数无家可归者花园里，真正种植植物是不可行的，但即便如此，这些布置似乎常常代表着一种尝试，试图通过将材料成簇排列、引入色彩、设置小水池以及频繁摆放花瓣、树叶和毛绒动物等方式，唤起动植物的生命精神，哪怕只是象征性的。

The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago's Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller — two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet — than those in their older neighbors along the city's Gold Coast.

例如，密斯在芝加哥湖滨大道建造的那些优雅高楼中的公寓——不到1000平方英尺的两居室——比该市黄金海岸沿线那些较老的邻近建筑中的公寓要小。