behavior简单

But the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior.

但这项新研究表明，有趣的是，亲社会行为也遵循同样的模式。

One idea is that teenage behavior is related to what researchers call “reward sensitivity.”

一种观点认为，青少年的行为与研究人员所说的“奖赏敏感性”有关。

Reward sensitivity, like prosocial behavior and risk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age.

和亲社会行为及冒险行为一样，奖赏敏感性似乎在青春期上升，然后随着年龄增长再次下降。

highlights negative adolescent behavior.

强调了青少年的消极行为。

What does Crone’s study find about prosocial behavior?

关于亲社会行为，克罗内的研究发现了什么？

The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term “plant neurobiology” was [coined] around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be [compared] to intelligence in animals.

植物具有某种程度意识的观点最早在21世纪初生根；“植物神经生物学”这一术语正是围绕这样一种观念而创造的：植物行为的某些方面可以与动物的智能相比拟。

Although ethics classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; evidence either way is weak, relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports.

尽管伦理课在世界各地都很常见，但科学家们并不确定这些课程能否真正改变人的行为；无论支持还是反对，证据都很薄弱，要么依赖人为设计的实验室测试，要么依赖有时并不可靠的自我报告。

They chose this particular behavior for three reasons, according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students’ attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering.

据该研究的合著者、加州大学河滨分校的哲学家埃里克·施维茨格贝尔说，他们选择这一特定行为有三个原因：学生对这一话题的态度多变且不稳定；这种行为很容易衡量；伦理学文献大体上认同少吃肉是好的，因为这能减少环境危害和动物痛苦。

They chose this particular behavior for three reasons, according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students’ attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering.

据该研究的合著者、加州大学河滨分校的哲学家埃里克·施维茨格贝尔说，他们选择这一特定行为有三个原因：学生对这一话题的态度多变且不稳定；这种行为很容易衡量；伦理学文献大体上认同少吃肉是好的，因为这能减少环境危害和动物痛苦。

Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect; he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including voting rates, blood donation and returning library books.

施维茨格贝尔曾预测这一干预不会产生任何效果；他此前发现，伦理学教授在一系列行为上与其他教授并无不同，包括投票率、献血和归还图书馆书籍。

It is a behavior easy to measure.

它是一种易于衡量的行为。

Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students’ change in behavior ____

埃里克·施维茨格贝尔猜测，学生行为的改变____

The commission argued that other agencies would protect against anti-competitive behavior, such as a broadband-providing conglomerate like AT&T favoring its own video-streaming service at the expense of Netflix and Apple TV.

该委员会辩称，其他机构会防范反竞争行为，比如像AT&T这样提供宽带服务的企业集团偏袒自家的视频流媒体服务，而牺牲奈飞和苹果电视的利益。

Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.

大多数与工作相关的行为都包含多个组成部分。

In her latest book, Why Good People Do Bad Environmental Things, Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.

伊丽莎白·R·德松布尔在她的新书《为什么好人会做破坏环境的事》中指出，集体改变大量人群行为的最佳方式是让这种改变成为结构性的。

It's just that individual actions are too slow, she says, for that to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.

她说，只是个人行动太慢了，不能作为改变普遍行为的唯一途径，甚至不能作为主要途径。

But some of it [remains] in the brain, where it [influences] mood, behavior and physiology.

但也有一部分{{19}}在大脑中，在那里{{20}}情绪、行为和生理机能。

You’d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time.”

你可能会认为这会助长效率心态，但事实上，埃伯利指出，这种仪式化的行为有助于我们“走出时间之流”，进入“灵魂时间”。

He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.

他对日常政治不感兴趣，而是关心道德行为问题以及影响整个社会的更重大的是非问题。

These issues all have root causes in human behavior: all require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.

这些问题的根源都在于人类行为：它们都需要行为上的改变和社会创新，也需要技术发展。例如，遏制气候变化既关乎开发清洁能源，也同样关乎改变消费模式和提高人们对税收的接受度。

There's no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior.

毫无疑问，同伴群体对我们的行为有着巨大的影响。

This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.

这是一种微妙的同伴压力：我们会不自觉地模仿每天看到的行为。

a cause of undesirable behaviors.

不良行为的起因。

Paragraph 5 shows that our imitation of behaviors ____

第五段表明，我们对行为的模仿____

Enraged by Entergy's behavior, the Vermont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against allowing an extension.

佛蒙特州参议院被安特吉公司的行为激怒，去年以26票对4票否决了延期。

(48) To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.

(48) 把独特的东西与共有的东西区分开来，或许能使我们理解复杂的文化行为是如何产生的，以及从进化或认知的角度看是什么在引导它。

I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children’s behaviour: wrong.

我原以为这个阶段是专家经过多年儿童行为研究后提出的：错了。

researches into children’s behaviour.

对儿童行为的研究。

He has also criticised the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how “lecturing” people was not the best way to change their behaviour.

他还批评了名厨杰米·奥利弗为改善英格兰学校午餐而高调做出的努力，称这个例子说明“说教”并不是改变人们行为的最佳方式。