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- n. 计算者未考
n. 计算机，电脑34 次
The team reconstructed the animals’ evolutionary tree and used computer models to pinpoint the domestication event when herders in Kenya and the Horn of Africa tamed wild asses.
该团队重建了这些动物的进化树，并利用计算机模型精确定位了这一驯化事件——当时肯尼亚和非洲之角的牧民驯服了野驴。
In 2011, Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 factoids in a computer (“an ostrich’s eye is bigger than its brain,” for example).
2011年，斯帕罗主持了一项研究，要求参与者把40条趣闻琐事录入电脑（例如“鸵鸟的眼睛比它的大脑还大”）。
The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later, because they knew they could find it on their computers.
后一组人在之后接受相关测试时根本没有努力去回忆这些信息，因为他们知道可以在电脑上找到。
And surfing the web exercised the brain more than reading did among computer-savvy older adults in a 2008 study involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at the University of California, Los Angeles.
而且，在加州大学洛杉矶分校塞默尔神经科学与人类行为研究所2008年开展的一项有24名参与者的研究中，对于精通电脑的老年人来说，上网比阅读更能锻炼大脑。
A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities.
塔塔咨询服务公司最近对制造业和服务业进行的一项调查发现，目前企业更多地将人工智能用于计算机与计算机之间的活动，而不是用于将人类活动自动化。
A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities.
塔塔咨询服务公司最近对制造业和服务业进行的一项调查发现，目前企业更多地将人工智能用于计算机与计算机之间的活动，而不是用于将人类活动自动化。
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“There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does,” says Pedro Domingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science professor at the University of Washington.
“有实验表明，面试结果自然而然地比人工智能的结果带有更多偏见，”《终极算法：机器学习和人工智能如何重塑世界》一书的作者、华盛顿大学计算机科学教授佩德罗·多明戈斯说。
These are “tools that help people use data, not a replacement for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.
麻省理工学院人工智能与计算机科学教授帕特里克·H.温斯顿说，这些是“帮助人们使用数据的工具，而不是人的替代品”。
The robot rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colourful markings.
这些机器鼠的设计相当简单，看起来像是一个更厚实的电脑鼠标，装有用来四处移动的轮子，并带有彩色标记。
It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college.
诚然，高中编程课对于在大学学习计算机科学并非必不可少。
Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.
卡内基梅隆大学计算机科学学院助理院长汤姆·科尔蒂纳说，没有经验的学生在上过几门入门课程后就能赶上来。
When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers — but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses.
当年龄较小的孩子学习计算机科学时，他们会认识到它不仅仅是一串令人困惑、没完没了的字母和数字，而是一种用来开发应用程序、创作艺术作品或检验假设的工具。
Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or -determined students away.
学生在上大学之前学一些编程知识也有好处，因为大学里的计算机科学入门课人满为患，这可能会把经验较少或决心不足的学生赶走。
These kids are going to be surrounded by computers — in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes — for the rest of their lives.
这些孩子的余生都将被计算机包围——在他们的口袋里、办公室里、家里。
The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want — the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that — the better.
他们越早了解计算机如何思考、如何哄着机器产出他们想要的东西——越早认识到自己有能力做到这一点——就越好。
Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to ____
科尔蒂纳认为，早接触计算机科学会让人更容易____
help students learn other computer languages.
帮助学生学习其他计算机语言。
bring forth innovative computer technologies.
推出创新的计算机技术。
Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two- and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.
地面勘测使考古学家能够准确找出可以成功发掘的地点。大多数地面勘测需要大量步行，寻找诸如陶器碎片之类的地表线索。勘测通常还包括一定量的挖掘，在一片地域中选定的若干地点检测是否有埋藏物。考古学家还可以利用地面雷达、磁场记录和金属探测器等技术来确定地下遗存的位置。考古学家通常用计算机绘制遗址及其周边地貌的地图。二维和三维地图是规划发掘、展示遗址面貌以及呈现考古研究成果的有用工具。
First, it is very [expensive] to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the [dominant] form of payment.
首先，要让电子货币成为主导的支付形式，就必须建立计算机、读卡器和电信网络，而这些设施的建设成本非常高昂。
We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information [stored] there.
我们常常听到媒体报道说，有未经授权的黑客侵入计算机数据库，篡改了其中存储的信息。
The [prevention] of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to [cope with] security issues.
防范这类欺诈绝非易事，一个新的计算机科学领域正在发展起来，以应对安全问题。
The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of praise and critique.
联网计算机是一种令人惊叹的设备，是第一台集生产方式、传播手段、接收场所以及赞扬与批评之地于一身的媒体机器。
The computer is the 21st century's culture machine.
计算机是21世纪的文化机器。
But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also act with caution.
但尽管有种种理由为计算机喝彩，我们也必须谨慎行事。
Second, the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing.
第二，大多数用联网计算机上传内容的人甚至没有意识到自己所做之事的意义。
This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading — between passive consumption and active creation — whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
这是因为联网计算机引发了一场下载与上传之间——被动消费与主动创造之间——的秘密战争，其结果将以我们才刚刚开始想象的方式塑造我们共同的未来。
The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replaced by another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players.
因此，计算机对电视发起的挑战，与一种形式取代另一种形式（就像CD机取代唱片机那样）几乎毫无相似之处。
The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.
联网计算机提供了50年来第一次扭转这种流向的机会，鼓励有思考的下载，更重要的是，鼓励有意义的上传。
All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.
我要做的只是走到我的CD架前，或者打开电脑从iTunes下载更多的录制音乐。
The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential [linked] to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.
该系统可能会使用智能身份卡，或与特定计算机绑定的数字凭证，并在一系列在线服务中验证用户身份。
The plan has also been greeted with [skepticism] by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet [vulnerable].
这项计划也遭到了一些计算机安全专家的质疑，他们担心施密特先生设想的“自愿生态系统”仍会让互联网的很大一部分容易受到攻击。
To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers.
因此，为了快速向用户提供搜索结果，谷歌必须在世界各地维护大量装满高性能计算机的数据中心。
While producing large quantities of CO₂, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.
这些计算机在产生大量二氧化碳的同时还会散发大量热量，所以数据中心需要良好的空调制冷，而这又会消耗更多能源。