faculty简单

“Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout,” says Mary Yoke, PhD, a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington.

“运动太多太快，要么导致受伤，要么导致精疲力竭，”印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校人体运动学系教员玛丽·约克博士说。

And if the postgraduate student population also grows rapidly and there is loss of a close apprenticeship relationship between faculty members and students, the student culture becomes the chief socializing force for new postgraduate students, with consequences for the intellectual and academic life of the institution — this was seen in America as well as in France, Italy, West Germany, and Japan.

而如果研究生人数也迅速增长，教师和学生之间失去了紧密的师徒关系，学生文化就会成为新研究生社会化的主要力量，并对院校的智识和学术生活产生影响——这种情况在美国以及法国、意大利、西德和日本都出现过。

In the 1960s and 1970s, European universities saw marked changes in their governance arrangements, with the empowerment of junior faculty and to some degree of students as well.

在20世纪60年代和70年代，欧洲大学的治理安排发生了显著变化，初级教员被赋予了权力，学生在某种程度上也是如此。

The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll.

用于学术研究的公共资金的增长加速了这一进程：1960年至1990年间，联邦研究经费增长了三倍，而由于研究占用了大量精力，教师的授课时间却减少了一半。

When a faculty or department grows from, say, five to 20 members within three or four years, (49) and when the new staff are predominantly young men and women fresh from postgraduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty.

当一个学院或系在三四年内从比如说5名成员增加到20名，(49) 并且新进员工主要是刚完成研究生学业的年轻男女时，他们在很大程度上决定了该学院学术生活的规范。

When a faculty or department grows from, say, five to 20 members within three or four years, (49) and when the new staff are predominantly young men and women fresh from postgraduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty.

当一个学院或系在三四年内从比如说5名成员增加到20名，(49) 并且新进员工主要是刚完成研究生学业的年轻男女时，他们在很大程度上决定了该学院学术生活的规范。