force简单

force some states to cut sales tax.

迫使一些州削减销售税。

There is a better way to win arguments. Imagine that you favor increasing the minimum wage in our state, and I do not. If you yell, “Yes,” and I yell, “No,” neither of us learns anything. We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation. In contrast, suppose you give a reasonable argument: that full-time workers should not have to live in poverty. Then I counter with another reasonable argument: that a higher minimum wage will force businesses to employ fewer people for less time. Now we can understand each other’s positions and recognize our shared values, since we both care about needy workers.

有一种更好的方式来赢得争论。设想你赞成提高我们州的最低工资，而我不赞成。如果你大喊“赞成”，我大喊“反对”，我们谁都学不到任何东西。我们既不理解也不尊重对方，也没有妥协或合作的基础。相反，假设你给出一个合理的论证：全职工人不应该生活在贫困之中。然后我用另一个合理的论证来反驳：更高的最低工资会迫使企业雇用更少的人、缩短雇用时间。这样我们就能理解彼此的立场，并认识到我们共同的价值观，因为我们都关心贫困的工人。

forced

被迫的

This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information.

这迫使用户更加意识到自己在传播信息中所扮演的角色。

Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.

强迫学生坐在一张满是涂鸦、粘着历届学生丢弃的口香糖的课桌前学习几何，未必能有什么收获。

Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay Office — a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.

狄更斯出生于英格兰南部海岸的朴次茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母分别是管家和女管家，因为当过仆人，地位更低，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的出身。据说狄更斯的母亲出身于一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被抓，逃往欧洲大陆，再也没有回来。家境日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在12岁时辍学，到沃伦鞋油作坊——一家鞋油厂——做工，在那里其他做工的男孩嘲笑他是“小绅士”。后来他的父亲因负债入狱。父亲入狱的屈辱和他在鞋油厂做工的经历成了狄更斯最大的创伤，也成了他最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子吐露这些事，尽管它们构成了他小说中未被承认的基础。

But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.

但令人难堪的丑闻以及共和派左翼在近期欧洲议会选举中的受欢迎程度，迫使他收回前言、退位让贤。

forces

强迫

[For example], he theorised that a judge [fearful] of appearing too soft [on] crime might be more likely to send someone to prison [if] he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.

例如，他提出理论认为，一位害怕显得对犯罪过于手软的法官，如果当天已经对另外五六名被告只判处了强制社区服务，那么他就更有可能把下一个人送进监狱。

The idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change; food security; marine research and the bio-economy; clean, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.

其用意在于促使社会科学家把他们的工作与其他类别相结合，包括健康与人口变化；粮食安全；海洋研究与生物经济；清洁高效能源；以及包容、创新和安全的社会。

That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.

这句低声耳语半是邀请、半是强迫，是我们大多数人听到“同伴压力”一词时首先想到的。

Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles [reacted] more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, [suggesting] that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.

那些被迫动用微笑肌肉的人，对滑稽漫画的反应比那些嘴巴紧缩、呈皱眉状的人更热烈，这表明表情可能会影响情绪，而不仅仅是情绪影响表情。

forced

被强制

The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.

这些要求是针对卫生大臣安德鲁·兰斯利上周的言论提出的。兰斯利坚称政府不能强迫人们做出健康的选择，并承诺让企业摆脱公共卫生法规的束缚。