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大纲外大纲词表没有列出、但真题里用到的意思。 派生由这个词构成的派生词、合成词的意思。
n. 大学毕业生，研究生19 次
But when Swetnam enrolled in graduate school at the University of Arizona’s Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, he was surprised to find a record of repeated blazes dating back hundreds of years before European colonists arrived on the continent.
但当斯韦特纳姆进入亚利桑那大学树木年轮研究实验室读研究生时，他惊讶地发现了一份反复发生火灾的记录，这些记录可以追溯到欧洲殖民者抵达这片大陆之前的数百年。
Today, 28 percent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles, a percentage which is double the average among OECD countries.
如今，英国28%的大学毕业生从事的是无需大学学历的工作，这一比例是经合组织国家平均水平的两倍。
Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates.
雇主们早就看到了雇用中学毕业生的好处，这些人往往证明自己是比大学毕业生更敬业、更忠诚的员工。
Postgraduates now earn 40 percent more than graduates.
如今研究生的收入比本科毕业生高40%。
The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect ____
英国大学毕业生从事非大学学历岗位的比例反映了____
But after the war, great social and political changes arising out of the successful war against Fascism created a growing demand in European and American economies for increasing numbers of graduates with more than a secondary school education.
但战后，反法西斯战争胜利所带来的巨大社会和政治变革，使欧美经济体对受过中等以上教育的毕业生的需求日益增长。
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And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.
而且，根据全美高校与雇主协会开展的一项调查，今年美国雇主计划招聘的应届毕业生人数将比去年多出约17%。
But now most colleges, save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.
但如今，除了许多选拔严格的学校外，大多数大学都允许所有本科生甚至研究生的低分得到豁免。
Since students and parents expect a college degree to lead to a job, it is in the best interest of a school to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possible — or at least appear to be.
既然学生和家长都期望大学学位能带来一份工作，那么培养出尽可能合格的毕业生——或者至少看起来合格——就最符合学校的利益。
To prepare graduates for a challenging future.
让毕业生为充满挑战的未来做好准备。
David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organisations.
戴维·格拉多尔的结论是，只会说英语的毕业生面临着黯淡的经济前景，因为事实证明，来自其他国家、能力合格且会说多种语言的年轻人在跨国公司和组织中比英国同龄人更具竞争优势。
There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career.
在社会上长期存在的“冲向终点的竞赛”中，人们总是担心落后于他人，无论终点是研究生院、医学院还是高薪职业。
But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.
但大多数法学毕业生始终没能进入大律所工作。
This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.
这使得如今法学院毕业生在本科债务之外平均还要背负10万美元的债务。
The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.
该委员会忽视了这样一个事实：几十年来，美国高校培养出的毕业生并不了解博雅教育的内容和特质，因而也无法从中受益。
The scores were [then] used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is [marked] out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
随后，这些分数会与申请者在研究生管理科入学考试（GMAT，一种满分为800分的标准化考试）中的成绩结合起来，用以决定是否录取该申请者。
The research of Till Von Wachter suggests that in the recession graduates from elite universities tend to ____
蒂尔·冯·瓦赫特的研究表明，在经济衰退中，名校毕业生往往____
These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.
这些正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国家试图通过向大学毕业生倾斜的移民规定来吸引的人才。
His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” — they form a sort of social glue.
他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等。这些学科正在变得不受欢迎：如今22%的美国大学毕业生主修商科，而主修历史的只有2%，主修英语的只有4%。然而，许多美国一流大学希望本科生打好基础，掌握每一个受过教育的人都应具备的基本思想经典。但大多数大学难以就“通识教育”应该是什么样子达成一致。梅南先生指出，在哈佛，“名著之所以被阅读，是因为它们一直被人阅读”——它们形成了一种社会黏合剂。
v. 大学毕业10 次
Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring — the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year — the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.
既然Z世代的成员将在今年春天大学毕业——最普遍接受的定义认为这代人出生于1995年之后，前后误差一年左右——近几周来人们对他们的关注一直在稳步上升。
Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like.
尽管他们毕业时正赶上过去50年来最好的经济形势，Z世代却知道经济崩溃是什么样子。
One survey from Accenture found that 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind.
埃森哲的一项调查发现，今年88%的应届毕业生在选择专业时就考虑到了工作。
Generation Zs graduating college this spring ____
今年春天大学毕业的Z世代____
“Ultimately,” said Jack Miner, Ohio State University’s registrar, “we see students achieve more success because they retake a course and do better in subsequent courses or master the content that allows them to graduate on time.”
俄亥俄州立大学教务主任杰克·迈纳说：“最终，我们看到学生取得了更大的成功，因为他们重修了一门课程，在后续课程中表现更好，或者掌握了能让他们按时毕业的内容。”
Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course.
中学毕业前两年，我参加了一门缝纫与设计课程，想着以后会接着学时装设计课程。
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Schneider, a 27-year-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs, says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college.
施耐德是来自芝加哥郊区的一名27岁的汽车技师，他说自己大学毕业后费了好大劲才找到工作。
He found a dream job after graduating from college.
他大学毕业后找到了一份理想的工作。
The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist at Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.
哥伦比亚大学经济学家蒂尔·冯·瓦赫特的研究表明，并非所有在衰退期毕业的人都会人生机遇黯淡：拥有名校学位的人能相当快地追赶上来，达到他们在经济较好时期毕业本应达到的水平；被甩在后面的是他们之下的普通大众。
The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist at Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.
哥伦比亚大学经济学家蒂尔·冯·瓦赫特的研究表明，并非所有在衰退期毕业的人都会人生机遇黯淡：拥有名校学位的人能相当快地追赶上来，达到他们在经济较好时期毕业本应达到的水平；被甩在后面的是他们之下的普通大众。
n. （中学等的）毕业生大纲外3 次
The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.
美国经济曾经为高中毕业生提供的工作保障已基本消失。
We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates ____
从第5段可以推断，高中毕业生____
One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that ____
高中毕业生不选择间隔年的原因之一是____
a. （non-graduate）无需大学学历的，非大学毕业生的派生2 次
Today, 28 percent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles, a percentage which is double the average among OECD countries.
如今，英国28%的大学毕业生从事的是无需大学学历的工作，这一比例是经合组织国家平均水平的两倍。
The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect ____
英国大学毕业生从事非大学学历岗位的比例反映了____
a. 毕了业的1 次
Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor's degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students require fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of thesis-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.
同样不足为奇的是，最终只有大约一半的人得到了他们当初读研究生时所追求的教授职位。职位实在太少了。部分原因是大学不断培养出越来越多的博士。但想学习人文学科的学生却越来越少：英语系在1970—1971学年授予的学士学位比20年后还要多。学生越少，所需的教师也就越少。因此，在花了十年时间撰写论文之后，许多人文学科的学生离开了这一行，去做他们没有受过训练的工作。