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- a. 专利的，特许的未考
n. 专利（权、品）13 次
Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades — by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.
几十年来，公司一直能为分离出的DNA获得专利——到2005年，约20%的人类基因已获得专利。
A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman’s risk of breast cancer.
一家联邦上诉法院推翻了先前的判决，裁定麦利亚德基因公司确实可以持有两个有助于预测女性乳腺癌风险的基因的专利。
Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad’s.
批评者反对基因专利的主要理由有三：基因是自然的产物，因此不能申请专利；基因专利压制而非奖励创新；专利垄断限制了人们获得像麦利亚德公司那样的基因检测。
Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad’s.
批评者反对基因专利的主要理由有三：基因是自然的产物，因此不能申请专利；基因专利压制而非奖励创新；专利垄断限制了人们获得像麦利亚德公司那样的基因检测。
Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad’s.
批评者反对基因专利的主要理由有三：基因是自然的产物，因此不能申请专利；基因专利压制而非奖励创新；专利垄断限制了人们获得像麦利亚德公司那样的基因检测。
Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests.
去年，一个联邦特别工作组敦促改革与基因检测相关的专利。
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For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it.
例如，对整个基因组进行测序是否侵犯其中单个基因的专利，目前尚不清楚。
Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules — most are already patented or in the public domain.
公司不太可能再为人类DNA分子申请更多专利——它们大多已获专利或已进入公有领域。
Companies are eager to win patents for “connecting the dots,” explains Hans Sauer, a lawyer for the BIO.
生物技术产业组织的律师汉斯·绍尔解释说，公司渴望为“连点成线”赢得专利。
The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents.
生物技术产业组织最近举行了一次大会，其中包括一些指导律师了解专利领域格局变化的会议。
Those who are against gene patents believe that ____
反对基因专利的人认为____
patents on genes depend much on innovation.
基因专利在很大程度上依赖创新。
According to Hans Sauer, companies are eager to win patents for ____
据汉斯·绍尔说，公司渴望为____赢得专利
v. 批准专利6 次
Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades — by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.
几十年来，公司一直能为分离出的DNA获得专利——到2005年，约20%的人类基因已获得专利。
Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad’s.
批评者反对基因专利的主要理由有三：基因是自然的产物，因此不能申请专利；基因专利压制而非奖励创新；专利垄断限制了人们获得像麦利亚德公司那样的基因检测。
Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules — most are already patented or in the public domain.
公司不太可能再为人类DNA分子申请更多专利——它们大多已获专利或已进入公有领域。
judges to rule out gene patenting.
法官排除基因专利。
gene patenting was a great concern.
基因专利是备受关注的问题。
Generally speaking, the author’s attitude toward gene patenting is ____
总的来说，作者对基因专利的态度是____