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v. 需要40 次
We were kept afloat by “peak TV”, the glut of content that was required by the explosion of streaming services.
支撑我们维持下去的是“巅峰电视”时代——流媒体服务的爆炸式增长所需要的海量内容。
Science education today revolves around the idea of scientific literacy — the base-level knowledge about science that nonscientists require to effectively get on in the world.
当今的科学教育围绕着“科学素养”这一理念展开——即非科学工作者在世界上有效立足所需的基础科学知识。
requires extra operational spending.
需要额外的运营开支。
Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog.
数字信息比模拟信息需要多得多的照料。
require more intentional preservation.
需要更多刻意的保存。
These take-off shots are even more challenging because they require a wide-angle lens, which means he must be less than 2cm from the butterfly.
这些起飞镜头更具挑战性，因为它们需要用广角镜头，这意味着他必须离蝴蝶不到2厘米。
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In her new book Cogs and Monsters: What Economics Is, and What It Should Be, Diane Coyle, an economist at Cambridge University, argues that the digital economy requires new ways of thinking about progress.
剑桥大学经济学家黛安·科伊尔在其新书《齿轮与怪兽：经济学是什么，又应该是什么》中指出，数字经济需要以新的方式来思考进步。
Improving living standards and increasing prosperity for more people will require greater use of digital technologies to boost productivity in various sectors, including health care and construction, says Coyle.
科伊尔说，要提高生活水平、让更多人更加富裕，就需要更多地利用数字技术来提高包括医疗保健和建筑业在内的各个行业的生产率。
Avoiding dangers posed by all those human drivers would require too many algorithms, she said.
她说，要避开所有那些人类司机带来的危险，需要太多的算法。
require urgent application.
需要紧急实施。
Throughout the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the “collodion process” that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture, then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment — several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp. While veterans of previous expeditions wrote at length about stunning trail sights, these vivid photographs were another thing entirely.
在整个旅途中，杰克逊使用“火棉胶工艺”同时摆弄多台相机和多种尺寸的底片，这种工艺要求他先给底片涂上一层化学混合物，然后曝光，再用便携式暗室冲洗出影像。这种简陋的技术需要凭经验推测曝光时间，而且所用设备笨重难使——需要好几个人协助搬运。尽管困难重重，杰克逊还是拍下了几十张引人注目的照片，从他那张如今已闻名于世的老忠实泉快照这样的壮丽画面，到营地里考察队员的随意肖像，不一而足。以往考察的老手们曾长篇累牍地描写沿途的壮丽景色，而这些生动的照片则完全是另一回事。
The industry also points out that real grass requires considerable amounts of water, weed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grass tend to use their garden more.
该行业还指出，真草需要大量的水、除草剂或其他养护处理，而且铺设假草坪的人往往更多地使用自己的花园。
requires further academic research.
需要进一步的学术研究。
“For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold [level] of complexity and capacity is required,” he [added].
他补充道：“要进化出意识，需要一个在复杂性和容量上达到一定阈值水平的大脑。”
It requires determination and single-mindedness.
这需要决心和专注。
antipoverty efforts require the participation of local farmers.
扶贫工作需要当地农民的参与。
It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations.
要做好这一点很难，需要非凡的远见，也需要市政当局、私营部门、社区团体和文化组织之间的合作。
To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling.
要在这样的体系中发挥领导作用，所需的知识之多相当令人难以想象。
It requires minimal effort and goes a long way.
这几乎不费什么力气，却大有裨益。
There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago.
一种膨胀的过程一直在起作用：(47) 如今，任何申请研究职位的人发表的论文数量，都必须是仅仅10年前同一职位所要求数量的两倍。
Helping forests flourish as valuable "carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now.
要帮助森林在未来很长一段时间内作为宝贵的“碳汇”蓬勃生长，可能需要现在就降低它们吸收碳的能力。
The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure
美国邮政署：慢性病需要速治
required
需要
There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.
运输安全管理局可以采取一项既不需要改建机场、也不需要仓促招人的措施：让更多的人加入“预检”项目。
it requires caution to handle economic issues.
处理经济问题需要谨慎。
This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.
这种廉正需要严格执行有关政府透明度的法律，比如官方会面记录、游说规则以及每位民选领导人财富来源的信息。
Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.
研究人员说，这种观点需要当今美国社会看待火灾的方式发生相应的转变。
“The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College.
“缺口存在于不需要技能的工作和需要大量技能的工作之间，”蒙特卡姆社区学院的商学教授罗布·斯波尔说。
The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper — printing presses, delivery trucks — isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.
制作实体报纸所需的基础设施——印刷机、送报卡车——不仅昂贵，而且在只做线上的竞争对手没有同样财务负担的当下，显得过于多余。
Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.
深度阅读需要的不仅是时间，而是一种特殊的时间，这种时间无法仅仅通过提高效率来获得。
what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed.
深度阅读所需的东西无法得到保证。
new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.
新技术要求对宪法做出重新解释。
These issues all have root causes in human behavior: all require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
这些问题的根源都在于人类行为：它们都需要行为上的改变和社会创新，也需要技术发展。例如，遏制气候变化既关乎开发清洁能源，也同样关乎改变消费模式和提高人们对税收的接受度。
Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle.
要适应这个人口流动的新世界，移民之争的双方都需要采取新的态度。
Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.
超越文化战争中非对即错的逻辑，意味着开辟中间地带，并认识到如今的移民管理需要多种途径和多种结果，其中包括一些在现行体制下难以合法实现的结果。
Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.
真正新颖的发现主张有时需要数年才能被接受和认可。
It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that the credibility process requires ____
从第二段可以推断出，可信度确立的过程需要____
Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.
当然，正是这些非必需的东西界定了人类文化，并最终界定了人之为人的意义。下载和消费文化需要高超的技能，但若不能超越下载，就等于剥夺了自己身上人性的一个决定性组成部分。
requiring
要求
Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor's degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students require fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of thesis-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.
同样不足为奇的是，最终只有大约一半的人得到了他们当初读研究生时所追求的教授职位。职位实在太少了。部分原因是大学不断培养出越来越多的博士。但想学习人文学科的学生却越来越少：英语系在1970—1971学年授予的学士学位比20年后还要多。学生越少，所需的教师也就越少。因此，在花了十年时间撰写论文之后，许多人文学科的学生离开了这一行，去做他们没有受过训练的工作。
v. （of）要求，命令30 次
The “rehearsal room” approach requires pupils to ____
“排练室”方法要求学生____
require
要求
“Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality.
“一些州要求医生报告，另一些州允许但不强制报告，还有少数州则认为报告是违反保密义务的行为。
One thing that does seem to work is requiring drivers to report in person for license renewal.
有一项措施看来确实有效，那就是要求司机亲自到场办理驾照更新。
Flo Health and the FTC settled the matter with a Consent Order requiring the company to get app users’ express affirmative consent before sharing their health information as well as to instruct the third parties to delete the data they had obtained.
Flo Health与联邦贸易委员会以一份同意令了结此事，该同意令要求该公司在共享应用用户的健康信息之前须获得用户明确的肯定同意，并指示第三方删除其已获取的数据。
Before sharing its users’ health information, Flo Health is required to ____
在共享用户健康信息之前，Flo Health被要求____
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The bill requires every rental host to register with the state, mandates they carry insurance, and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy.
该法案要求每位出租房东在州政府登记，强制他们购买保险，并在一项新的州税之外，为征收地方税开了口子。
Boston took things even further, requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.
波士顿走得更远，要求出租者在该市的检查服务局登记。
Throughout the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the “collodion process” that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture, then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment — several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp. While veterans of previous expeditions wrote at length about stunning trail sights, these vivid photographs were another thing entirely.
在整个旅途中，杰克逊使用“火棉胶工艺”同时摆弄多台相机和多种尺寸的底片，这种工艺要求他先给底片涂上一层化学混合物，然后曝光，再用便携式暗室冲洗出影像。这种简陋的技术需要凭经验推测曝光时间，而且所用设备笨重难使——需要好几个人协助搬运。尽管困难重重，杰克逊还是拍下了几十张引人注目的照片，从他那张如今已闻名于世的老忠实泉快照这样的壮丽画面，到营地里考察队员的随意肖像，不一而足。以往考察的老手们曾长篇累牍地描写沿途的壮丽景色，而这些生动的照片则完全是另一回事。
Brian Berry, chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, products and systems to be installed.
英国建筑商联合会首席执行官布莱恩·贝里表示，这些措施将要求采用新的材料、检测方法、产品和系统。
In 2007, Indonesia started phasing in a program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care.
2007年，印度尼西亚开始逐步推行一项计划，在一定条件下向最贫困的居民发放资金，比如要求人们让孩子继续上学或定期接受医疗护理。
The Republican penned order not only eliminated the strict net neutrality rules the FCC had adopted when it had a Democratic majority in 2015, but rejected the commission’s authority to require broadband providers to do much of anything.
这项由共和党人起草的命令不仅废除了FCC在2015年民主党占多数时通过的严格的网络中立规则，而且否定了该委员会要求宽带提供商做几乎任何事情的权力。
If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.
如果这些法案成为法律，州委员会将被要求在2022年前把50%的席位留给女性。
The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies.
这些法案与加利福尼亚州最近通过的一项措施类似，加州去年成为第一个要求私营公司实行性别配额的州。
Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards.
要求公司把性别作为董事会成员的首要条件，必然会导致私营部门董事会经验不足。
Compared with their predecessors, today’s CEOs are required to ____
与前任相比，如今的首席执行官被要求____
Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas — city centres, “school streets”, even individual roads — are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.
禁止高污染汽车进入某些区域——市中心、“学校街道”，甚至个别道路——的限制措施，是对缺乏更大力度的努力的一种回应，这种努力指的是切实执行现有法规并要求汽车公司使其车辆达标。
Decisiveness Required of Top Executives.
高管须具备的果断。
Under the ruling Thursday, states can pass laws requiring out-of-state sellers to collect the state’s sales tax from customers and send it to the state.
根据周四的裁决，各州可以通过法律，要求州外卖家向顾客收取该州的销售税并上缴给该州。
Of course, many discussions are not so successful. Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. We need to learn how to evaluate them properly. A large part of evaluation is calling out bad arguments, but we also need to admit good arguments by opponents and to apply the same critical standards to ourselves. Humility requires you to recognize weaknesses in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.
当然，许多讨论并没有这么成功。尽管如此，我们仍需注意不要过快地指责对手的论证糟糕。我们需要学会如何恰当地评价论证。评价的很大一部分是指出糟糕的论证，但我们也需要承认对手的好论证，并用同样的批判标准要求自己。谦逊要求你认识到自己论证中的弱点，有时还要接受对立一方的理由。
On their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us.
例如，单靠自带购物袋去杂货店或不再使用塑料吸管，几乎起不了什么作用，对我们的要求也很低。
The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to ____
特罗尼克提到的压迫性观念要求父母____
Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat.
该计划由美国鱼类及野生动物管理局与各州协商制定，要求在经营活动中破坏栖息地的个人和企业向一项基金缴款，每破坏一英亩就要用两英亩新的适宜栖息地来补偿。
Most importantly, it [constantly] modifies and enhances the games you play to [build] on the strengths you are developing — much like a(n) [effective] exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
最重要的是，它会不断调整并加强你所玩的游戏，以巩固你正在培养的优势——这很像一套有效的锻炼计划要求你增加阻力并变换肌肉的使用方式。
Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to ____
国会中有影响力的人物要求美国艺术与科学院就如何____提交报告
But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.
但我们可以确定的一点是，随着全球化和信息技术革命的每一次推进，最好的工作将要求劳动者接受更多更好的教育，使自己高于一般水平。
In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant's license be subject to Vermont legislature's approval.
2006年，该州更进一步，要求核电站执照的任何延期都须经佛蒙特州议会批准。
Education is required for public-sector union membership.
加入公共部门工会需要一定的学历。
is not required for advanced courses.
高级课程不要求做作业。
The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver's license [issued] by the government.
这种做法与要求持有政府颁发的互联网“驾照”的做法形成对比。