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- v. 消耗，用尽未考
v. 花费44 次
requires extra operational spending.
需要额外的运营开支。
“If you don’t look at the soil at the start, you can spend a lot of money and time putting in species that aren’t going to survive there.”
“如果一开始不考察土壤，你可能会花费大量金钱和时间去种植那些在那里无法存活的物种。”
The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent: ultimately this research will safeguard the future of our planet.
技术研究产生的碳排放是值得的：这些研究最终将守护我们星球的未来。
The industry also claims that people who lay fake grass spend an average of £500 on trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects.
该行业还声称，铺设假草坪的人平均会花500英镑为花园购买树木或灌木，这为昆虫提供了栖息地。
To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.
迫使动物园减少在动物身上的开支，将给它们所照料的珍贵动物带来不人道的后果。
Depending on your [interests] and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write [while] they listen to music.
根据你的兴趣和生活方式，这可能意味着少花时间看电视或听音乐，尽管有些人可以一边听音乐一边写作。
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That means prioritising our activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do.
这意味着要给我们的活动排好优先次序，以便把大部分时间花在我们真正想做的事情上。
spending less.
减少开支
Between them, the five biggest tech companies have spent an average of only $3.4 billion a year on sub-$1 billion acquisitions over the past five years — a drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than $130 billion of venture capital that was invested in the US last year.
过去五年，这五家最大的科技公司平均每年在10亿美元以下的收购上总共只花了34亿美元——与它们庞大的财务储备以及去年在美国投入的1300多亿美元风险投资相比，这只是沧海一粟。
Critically, another group was asked to spend a minute writing down reasons for their judgment, before giving the rating.
关键的是，另一组参与者被要求在打分前花一分钟写下他们做出判断的理由。
The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.
荷兰巨头爱思唯尔声称出版了全世界25%的科学论文，去年利润超过9亿英镑；而仅英国的大学在2016年就花费了2.1亿多英镑，让研究人员能够查阅他们自己由公共资金资助的研究；尽管人们为改变这一状况所作的努力越来越孤注一掷，这两个数字似乎仍在势不可挡地上升。
In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires — nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.
2015年，美国林务局首次将其55亿美元年度预算的一半以上用于扑灭火灾——这一比例几乎是20年前用于此类工作的比例的两倍。
In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires — nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.
2015年，美国林务局首次将其55亿美元年度预算的一半以上用于扑灭火灾——这一比例几乎是20年前用于此类工作的比例的两倍。
guarantee safer spending of public funds.
确保公共资金的使用更安全。
The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.
据咨询公司EPG估计，美国和英国最大的企业每年在企业社会责任上的支出合计超过150亿美元。
First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality.
首先，消费者可能把企业社会责任支出视为公司产品质量上乘的一种“信号”。
Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.
研究人员承认，他们的研究并没有回答企业应当在企业社会责任上花多少钱的问题。
The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.
公司在这方面的必要支出额尚不清楚。
The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear.
提升风格的目的不是变得更虚荣，也不是花更多时间纠结穿什么。
[In particular], firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development).
{{2}}，位于快乐地区的公司在研发（研究与开发）上投入更多。
But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities [explain] why firms there spend more on R&D?
但与投资相关的真的是快乐吗？还是更快乐的城市的其他某些因素可以{{9}}那里的公司为何在研发上投入更多？
Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal.
把时间看作一种需要最大化利用的资源，意味着你以工具性的方式对待它，只有当某一时刻推动了朝向某个目标的进展时，才认为它得到了很好的利用。
Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?) — it doesn’t matter, so long as they’re enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you’re on a tight budget.
这些事情可能是社交的、运动的、创造性的，或者完全随性的（有人想在客厅里跳舞吗？）——这都无所谓，只要它们令人愉快，并且不太可能带来负面影响，比如饮酒过量，或者在手头拮据时疯狂购物。
The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors.
超市的设计旨在引诱顾客在店内尽可能多地停留。
What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness” — protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
我们被引导着去理解，驱动他的是他对“根本公平”的热忱——保护纳税人、控制开支，并确保只有最应得的申领者才能领到救济金。
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.
在经济危机前的十年里，美国法律服务支出的增长速度是通货膨胀速度的两倍。
These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive.
这两位学者借助一系列行为研究表明，最能带来回报的花钱方式可能与直觉相悖。
It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dunn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema.
邓恩女士和诺顿先生说，把钱花在体验上要好得多，比如有趣的旅行、独特的餐食，甚至是去看电影。
Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people.
然而，感觉良好与为他人花钱之间的联系在世界各地的富人和穷人身上都能看到，而且对大多数人来说，稀缺会增强大多数事物带来的愉悦。
But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
但大多数人读完这本书后都会觉得这钱花得值。
balance feeling good and spending money.
在感觉良好与花钱之间取得平衡。
spend large sums of money won in lotteries.
花掉彩票赢来的巨款。
obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent.
从花出去的钱中获得持久的满足感。
become more reasonable in spending on luxuries.
在奢侈品消费上变得更加理性。
The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this.
综合开支审查为政府帮助纠正这一状况提供了机会。
The Labour Party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition’s spending plans if it returns to power.
工党最近宣布，如果重新执政，将保留联合政府的大部分开支计划。
offered spending opportunities.
提供了消费机会。
During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds — including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate — varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations, it is about 15%.
20世纪90年代末，各国在社会科学和人文学科上的支出占全部研发经费（包括政府、高等教育、非营利机构和企业的经费）的比例从约4%到25%不等；在大多数欧洲国家，这一比例约为15%。
But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.
而从历史上看，我们每天大约有12%的时间用于思考更长远的事情。
After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at London’s best restaurants at least twice a week.
支付各种账单后，托尼每周有60英镑可花，其中40英镑用于吃饭；但10年前，他从事企业公关工作，年薪13万英镑，每周至少在伦敦最好的餐馆吃两次饭。
He’s feeling positive, but he’ll carry on blogging — not about eating as cheaply as you can — “there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food” — but eating well on a budget.
他感觉很乐观，但他会继续写博客——写的不是如何吃得尽可能便宜——“有那么多人处境比我糟糕得多，几乎没钱买吃的”——而是如何在有限的预算内吃得好。
Impulsive spending isn’t an option, so plan your week’s menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities.
冲动消费是不可取的，所以要提前规划好一周的菜单，列出购物清单，写明所需食材的确切数量。
At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.
至少，它把我们从轻松致富、住更大房子的全民狂热梦想中唤醒，并为个人肆意挥霍的时代画上了必要的句号。
Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness, backed by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey.
德国认为，要拯救欧元，就必须对借贷、支出和竞争力制定更严格的规则，并辅以对不遵守规则的政府实施近乎自动的制裁。
v. 度过，消磨10 次
If, like most business people, you spend your life dashing from office to plane, train to home, boardroom to washroom, what you really need to do is stay in more, sit down — and read a book.
如果你像大多数商务人士一样，一辈子都在奔波——从办公室到飞机，从火车到家里，从会议室到洗手间——那么你真正需要做的是多待在家里，坐下来——读一本书。
Some of us feel energised by spending lots of time with others, [whereas] some of us may feel drained, even if it’s doing something we enjoy.
我们中有些人和别人待在一起很长时间会觉得精力充沛，{{1}}有些人则可能感到筋疲力尽，即便做的是自己喜欢的事。
Spending too much time on your own, not [seeing] others, can make you feel lonely and [disconnected].
独处时间过多、不{{3}}别人，会让你感到孤独和{{4}}。
“These are transformative technologies that change the ways we spend our time every day, that change business models that succeed.”
“这些是变革性的技术，它们改变我们每天度过时间的方式，改变成功的商业模式。”
Spend time with everyone
与每个人共度时光
And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.
而且在上了12年学之后，花一年时间做与学业无关的事情会让人感觉不自然。
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“Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed.
“最初的几天应该用来找工作，而不是想着去登记领救济，”他声称。
In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.
在另一个案例中，美国考古学家勒内·米利翁和乔治·考吉尔花了数年时间，系统地绘制了墨西哥谷地中特奥蒂瓦坎全城的地图，该城位于今墨西哥城附近。在公元600年前后的鼎盛时期，这座城市是世界上最大的人类聚居地之一。研究人员不仅绘制了该城宏大华丽的礼仪区域，还绘制了数百处普通百姓居住的较简陋的公寓建筑群。
It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).
看起来，如果大多数人能缩短通勤时间，多花时间陪伴亲友、少花时间看电视（美国人平均每年在这上面花掉整整两个月，却几乎没有因此更快乐），他们的状况会更好。
It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).
看起来，如果大多数人能缩短通勤时间，多花时间陪伴亲友、少花时间看电视（美国人平均每年在这上面花掉整整两个月，却几乎没有因此更快乐），他们的状况会更好。