become简单

Security, entertainment, portable restrooms, insurance and even basics such as fencing and staffing have all become significantly more expensive.

安保、娱乐、移动厕所、保险，甚至围栏和人手等基本开支都大幅上涨。

“Insects that today are a minor problem may become a major problem if they can produce three or four generations in a year,” says forest ecologist John Stanturf.

森林生态学家约翰·斯坦图夫说：“如今只是小问题的昆虫，如果一年能繁殖三四代，就可能变成大问题。”

Some creatures in the forest that multiply fast can become a great threat to forest restoration.

森林中一些繁殖迅速的生物可能对森林恢复构成巨大威胁。

But then I think of a friend’s daughter who turned her fears into action: she became a wind energy engineer and now thrives on delivering renewable energy, limiting emissions.

但我随后想到一位朋友的女儿，她把恐惧化为了行动：她成了一名风能工程师，如今在提供可再生能源、限制排放的工作中干得风生水起。

promised to become big job creators in the US.

承诺成为美国的就业大户。

As technology advances and a format becomes obsolete, the object is useless.

随着技术进步，一种格式被淘汰，这个对象就毫无用处了。

So what’s the appeal of a long, sweaty day in pursuit of an elusive, fast-moving wild animal? “It just feels bloody brilliant,” says Peters. “If I’ve had a full day of good encounters with butterflies, met interesting butterfly people and I’ve got some good shots, that becomes a vault in my spiritual bank. It’s a happy feeling.”

那么，花上漫长而汗流浃背的一整天去追逐一种难以捉摸、行动迅速的野生动物，吸引力何在？“感觉就是棒极了，”彼得斯说，“如果我度过了与蝴蝶美好相遇的一整天，结识了有趣的蝴蝶爱好者，还拍到了一些好照片，那就成了我精神银行里的一座金库。那是一种快乐的感觉。”

A children’s author and poet who had become a keen amateur photographer, Peters watched the butterflies and idly wondered if he could capture them in flight. It swiftly became an obsession as he recovered from a successful operation to remove the cancer. In recent summers, he has travelled the length and breadth of Britain to photograph all 58 native species of butterfly. Now the fruits of those summers have been published in a beautiful new book.

彼得斯是一位儿童作家和诗人，后来成了一名热心的业余摄影师。他看着那些蝴蝶，随意地想自己能否拍下它们飞行的样子。在成功切除癌症的手术后康复期间，这个念头很快变成了一种痴迷。最近几个夏天，他走遍英国各地，拍摄了全部58种本土蝴蝶。如今，这几个夏天的成果已汇编成一本精美的新书出版。

A children’s author and poet who had become a keen amateur photographer, Peters watched the butterflies and idly wondered if he could capture them in flight. It swiftly became an obsession as he recovered from a successful operation to remove the cancer. In recent summers, he has travelled the length and breadth of Britain to photograph all 58 native species of butterfly. Now the fruits of those summers have been published in a beautiful new book.

彼得斯是一位儿童作家和诗人，后来成了一名热心的业余摄影师。他看着那些蝴蝶，随意地想自己能否拍下它们飞行的样子。在成功切除癌症的手术后康复期间，这个念头很快变成了一种痴迷。最近几个夏天，他走遍英国各地，拍摄了全部58种本土蝴蝶。如今，这几个夏天的成果已汇编成一本精美的新书出版。

It’s becoming more common for tips to be requested beforehand.

事先索要小费的情况正变得越来越普遍。

is becoming a burden for customers.

正成为顾客的负担。

With more than 6.8 million on waitlists, healthcare is becoming increasingly inaccessible for those who cannot opt to pay for private treatment; and the cost of providing healthcare is increasingly squeezing our investment in other public services.

候诊名单上有超过680万人，对于那些无法选择自费接受私人治疗的人来说，医疗服务越来越难以获得；而提供医疗服务的成本正日益挤压我们对其他公共服务的投入。

As demand for healthcare continues to grow, pressures on the workforce — which is already near breaking point — will only become more acute.

随着医疗需求持续增长，医护队伍——已经接近崩溃边缘——所承受的压力只会更加严峻。

Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap; now they are transforming the global energy system.

太阳能电池板在变得便宜之前几乎只有一些小众用途；如今它们正在改变全球能源体系。

And he’s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.

而在文本生成图像这一新兴的人工智能领域，他突然走红。

Other life changes can [trigger] periods of loneliness too, such as retirement, changing jobs or becoming a parent.

其他生活变化也可能{{8}}一段时间的孤独，比如退休、换工作或为人父母。

has become a disputed issue.

已成为一个有争议的问题。

From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes became more developed, the [construction] of caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night.

从10世纪起，随着商贸和旅行路线日益发达，商队客栈的修建数量增加，成为人们夜间休息的安全场所。

[As a result], these structures became important centers for cultural [exchange] and interaction, with travellers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, [as well as] taking knowledge with them, greatly [influencing] the development of several civilisations.

因此，这些建筑成为文化交流与互动的重要中心，旅行者在此分享各自的文化、思想和信仰，并把知识带走，极大地影响了多个文明的发展。

Lesser-known PRH writers become the target of criticism.

企鹅兰登书屋不太知名的作家成为批评的对象。

For AI to be successful, data needs to be accessible, but the use of personal data is becoming more regulated and the automated sharing of data is becoming more difficult.

人工智能要取得成功，数据必须是可获取的，但个人数据的使用正受到越来越多的监管，数据的自动共享也变得越来越困难。

For AI to be successful, data needs to be accessible, but the use of personal data is becoming more regulated and the automated sharing of data is becoming more difficult.

人工智能要取得成功，数据必须是可获取的，但个人数据的使用正受到越来越多的监管，数据的自动共享也变得越来越困难。

Therefore, unless customers are prepared to sign release agreements, the use of AI may become somewhat restricted in the future.

因此，除非客户愿意签署授权协议，否则人工智能的使用将来可能会受到一定限制。

By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the [lack] of upgrades wasn’t due to a quality issue.

从营销的角度审视工程问题后，人们清楚地看到，升级用户的{{11}}并非由质量问题造成。

is becoming increasingly affordable.

变得越来越便宜。

In a very practical way, the Internet is becoming an external hard drive for our memories, a process known as “cognitive offloading.”

从非常实际的意义上说，互联网正在成为我们记忆的外置硬盘，这一过程被称为“认知卸载”。

In adolescence, helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other.

在青春期，那些几乎事事依靠大人、无助又依赖他人的孩子，变成了能够照顾自己、彼此帮助的独立个体。

At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers.

与此同时，曾经开朗顺从的孩子变成了叛逆、爱冒险的青少年。

Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increases as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older.

其他研究表明，叛逆行为在人进入青少年时期时会增多，随后随着年龄增长逐渐消退。

become anxious about their future.

对自己的未来感到焦虑。

How teenagers become independent.

青少年如何变得独立。

In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature.

18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其描写自然的诗歌而成名。

This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.

这也有助于理解诗歌，因为词语的节奏和声音会变得更加清晰。

As degrees became universal, they became devalued.

随着学位变得普及，它们也随之贬值。

As degrees became universal, they became devalued.

随着学位变得普及，它们也随之贬值。

are becoming more popular than before.

正变得比以前更受欢迎

I became convinced that this story was every bit as exciting and significant as that of Enigma and the breaking of German codes in the Second World War.

我开始确信，这个故事与第二次世界大战中恩尼格玛密码机及破译德军密码的故事一样激动人心、意义重大。

The egg industry’s push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering.

鸡蛋行业的这一推动，是对再生农场的动物产品能否成为下一个高端产品的首次重大考验。

You also quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents, and thinking outside the box will become your second nature.

你还会很快学会适应，并针对绘画中出现的问题想出创造性的解决办法，跳出思维定式将成为你的第二天性。

It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise.

这已成为一项令人沮丧却雷打不动的年度惯例：每年一月，乘火车出行的费用都会上涨，给那些别无选择、只能靠铁路网上班或出行的人带来了沉重的额外负担。

As a historian who’s always searching for the text or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past, I’ve become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian ancestors smiling (what better way to shatter the image of 19th-century prudery?).

作为一名总在寻找能让我们重新评价过去的文字或图像的历史学家，我开始热衷于寻找那些展现我们维多利亚时代祖先微笑的照片（还有什么比这更好的方式来打破19世纪拘谨古板的形象呢？）。

They are noting that the Victorians suddenly seem to become more human as the hundred-or-so years that separate us fade away through our common experience of laughter.

他们注意到，随着我们之间相隔的大约一百年因共同的欢笑体验而渐渐消弭，维多利亚时代的人似乎突然变得更有人情味了。

The thought of holding a fixed grin as the camera performed its magical duties was too much to contemplate, and so a non-committal blank stare became the norm.

在相机施展魔法期间一直保持咧嘴笑的表情，这简直不堪设想，因此不置可否的茫然凝视就成了常态。

How did smiling in photographs become a post-Victorian norm?

拍照微笑是如何成为维多利亚时代之后的常态的？

And if the postgraduate student population also grows rapidly and there is loss of a close apprenticeship relationship between faculty members and students, the student culture becomes the chief socializing force for new postgraduate students, with consequences for the intellectual and academic life of the institution — this was seen in America as well as in France, Italy, West Germany, and Japan.

而如果研究生人数也迅速增长，教师和学生之间失去了紧密的师徒关系，学生文化就会成为新研究生社会化的主要力量，并对院校的智识和学术生活产生影响——这种情况在美国以及法国、意大利、西德和日本都出现过。

[Emphasize] one and the others become distorted.

强调其中一个，其他部分就会被扭曲。

There is another [problem]: people became immensely inventive in hitting targets.

还有另一个问题：人们在达成目标方面变得极具创造力。

In the UK, it has become a big talking point recently too, for a rather particular reason: Brexit.

在英国，它最近也成了一个热门话题，原因相当特殊：脱欧。

To become much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively — meaning fewer green fields and more factory-style production.

要大幅提高自给率，英国需要大幅减少动物性食品的消费，可能还要进行更集约化的耕作——这意味着更少的绿地和更多工厂式的生产。

become a priority of the government.

成为政府的优先事项。

The discussion will then become more like a chess game than a boxing match.

这样，讨论就更像是一场棋局，而不是一场拳击赛。

A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.

有人认为，“文化之镇”奖可以成为一项年度盛事，吸引资金并创造就业。

If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.

如果这些法案成为法律，州委员会将被要求在2022年前把50%的席位留给女性。

The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies.

这些法案与加利福尼亚州最近通过的一项措施类似，加州去年成为第一个要求私营公司实行性别配额的州。

We are all becoming increasingly aware of the [importance] of modeling patience for the younger generation.

我们都越来越意识到为年轻一代树立耐心榜样的重要性。

Plus, virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies, often with their own research and development.

而且，几乎所有美国大公司都在成为科技公司，往往拥有自己的研发部门。

By most measures, corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s.

从大多数标准来看，自20世纪70年代以来，公司治理已变得严格得多、严谨得多。

“Each year the physical presence rule becomes further removed from economic reality and results in significant revenue losses to the States,” he wrote in an opinion joined by four other justices.

他在一份得到另外四位大法官附议的意见书中写道：“实体存在规则一年比一年更加脱离经济现实，并给各州造成了巨大的收入损失。”

What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself.

重要的不是真相，而是发表，发表几乎已经成了目的本身。

The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other child's deprivation.

容易内疚的孩子分享得更多，尽管他们并没有神奇地变得更同情另一个孩子的匮乏。

forests may become a potential threat.

森林可能成为一种潜在威胁。

Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace.

作为数字原住民的年轻人在网络空间中辨别事实与虚构方面确实越来越熟练。

Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB’s granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming President. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

许多最著名的国家人物都参与过在艾森豪威尔行政办公大楼花岗岩墙内发生的历史事件。西奥多·罗斯福和富兰克林·D·罗斯福、威廉·霍华德·塔夫脱、德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔、林登·B·约翰逊、杰拉尔德·福特以及乔治·H·W·布什在成为总统之前都曾在这座大楼里办公。这里曾是16位海军部长、21位陆军部长和24位国务卿的办公地。温斯顿·丘吉尔曾走过它的走廊，珍珠港遭轰炸后，日本使节曾在这里与国务卿科德尔·赫尔会面。

When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?

从什么时候起，学生应该能说出美国第13任总统的名字、却对一条断了的自行车链束手无策，竟成了公认的道理？

When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.

当教育变得千篇一律时，就有可能忽视一个国家人才的多样性。

Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.

它的持续供应正在成为现实。

When you start conversation from there and then move outwards, you’ll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.

当你从那里开始交谈，然后向外延伸时，你会突然发现交谈变得容易多了。

When you remember such things you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing.

当你记住这些事情时，你就自然而然地成为了他们幸福的投资者。

That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet — not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet.

那个男孩就是比尔·盖茨，他至今仍未停止阅读——即使在成为世界上最成功的人之一以后也是如此。

It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become — but the lines are obvious.

目前还不清楚航空安保的有效性提高了多少——但排起的长队却是显而易见的。

There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.

市面上出现了匹克威克外套和匹克威克雪茄，那位胖乎乎、戴眼镜的主人公塞缪尔·匹克威克成了家喻户晓的人物。

Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay Office — a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.

狄更斯出生于英格兰南部海岸的朴次茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母分别是管家和女管家，因为当过仆人，地位更低，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的出身。据说狄更斯的母亲出身于一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被抓，逃往欧洲大陆，再也没有回来。家境日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在12岁时辍学，到沃伦鞋油作坊——一家鞋油厂——做工，在那里其他做工的男孩嘲笑他是“小绅士”。后来他的父亲因负债入狱。父亲入狱的屈辱和他在鞋油厂做工的经历成了狄更斯最大的创伤，也成了他最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子吐露这些事，尽管它们构成了他小说中未被承认的基础。

A different and not mutually exclusive [prediction] holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one [characterized] by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives [meaning], people will simply become lazy and depressed.

另一种不同但并不相互排斥的{{3}}认为，未来将是另一种荒原，一种以无目标为{{4}}的荒原：没有工作赋予生活{{5}}，人们只会变得懒惰和沮丧。

become an official festival.

成为一个官方节日。

During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.

在另一项观察中，她发现手机成了家庭紧张关系的根源。

In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: the child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention.

实验中，母亲先被要求以正常方式与孩子互动，然后摆出一副面无表情的样子，不给孩子任何视觉上的社交反馈：孩子在试图吸引母亲注意的过程中变得越来越苦恼。

help them become more attentive.

帮助他们变得更专注。

Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”

我们对问题和解决方案的认识就会变得非常有限。”

More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they ____

更频繁的野火之所以成为全国性问题，是因为在2015年它们____

legacy businesses are becoming outdated.

传统业务正变得过时。

The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear.

提升风格的目的不是变得更虚荣，也不是花更多时间纠结穿什么。

Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal.

把问题分解成一个个小块并用代码来解决就成了常态。

The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change.

熨斗学校是人们付费学习编程的地方，它最初是众多编程训练营之一，这类训练营在寻求转行的成年人中很受欢迎。

become better prepared for the digitalized world.

为数字化世界做好更充分的准备。

Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.

深度阅读需要的不仅是时间，而是一种特殊的时间，这种时间无法仅仅通过提高效率来获得。

In fact, “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem.

事实上，“提高效率”正是问题的一部分。

“Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too — providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down.

“随时随身带本书”实际上也能奏效——只要你足够频繁地翻阅，使阅读成为一种默认状态，你只是暂时从中浮出水面处理事务，然后再沉回去。

reading becomes your primary business of the day.

阅读成为你一天中的首要事务。

become increasingly clear.

变得越来越清晰。

According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us.

根据脑部扫描实验，如此多的决策需求很快就会让我们不堪重负。

Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”

为了阐明她的观点，她接着说：“越来越明显的是，在政府、媒体或企业内部缺乏目标、缺乏道德语言，可能成为资本主义和自由所面临的最危险的目标之一。”

In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run.

在当今世界，高薪的高管们不对自己所管理的机构中发生的事情负责，已经成为常态。

If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.

如果你不熟悉某些单词或习语，你会利用上下文中的线索猜测其含义。你假定它们以后会变得有关联，于是在心里记下语篇中的实体以及它们之间可能存在的联系。

“Phones become our security blanket,” Wortmann says.

“手机成了我们的安全毯，”沃特曼说。

And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students.

而当大学不谈论不同学生群体在阶层上的优势和劣势时，这个问题就变得更加严重。

The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.

20世纪90年代的“妈妈战争”至今仍在继续，引发了关于女性为何仍不能兼得一切的争论，也催生了谢丽尔·桑德伯格的《向前一步》这类书，其书名本身就已成为流行语。

According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become ____

根据南希·克恩的说法，职场语言变得____

Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.

他们当中许多人反而成了专门提起滋扰性诉讼的人，使侵权法体系变成了代价高昂的噩梦。

How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.

当地面上什么也看不见时，考古学家怎么知道到哪里去找他们要找的东西呢？通常，他们会对大片地域进行勘测和取样（进行试掘），以确定在哪里发掘能获得有用的信息。勘测和试样对于了解包含考古遗址在内的更大范围的地貌也变得十分重要。

This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music.

事实上，这种勇敢的态度成了演奏贝多芬音乐的人必须具备的条件。

What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in.

曾经令人兴奋的新鲜事物变得陈旧过时，悔意便悄然而至。

These purchases often become more valuable with time — as stories or memories — particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.

这些消费往往会随着时间推移变得更有价值——化作故事或回忆——尤其是当它们让人感到与他人联系更紧密时。

become more reasonable in spending on luxuries.

在奢侈品消费上变得更加理性。

We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem.

受到批评时我们会变得防御，并给别人贴上负面的刻板印象来抬高自己的自尊。

When there is rapid improvement in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened.

当技术的价格和性能迅速改善时，那些曾被认为不受自动化影响的工作突然受到了威胁。

If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, it has chosen an indirect method: there is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm.

如果微软是想打击几乎完全依赖广告的谷歌，那么它选择的是一种迂回的方式：无法保证默认开启DNT会成为常态。

Take a broader look at our species’ place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years.

以更宽广的视角看看我们这个物种在宇宙中的位置，就会清楚地发现，我们极有可能再生存数万年，甚至数十万年。

This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardeners, the former becomes all the more urgent.

这种区别如此显著，以至于在缺乏后者的情况下——这些意想不到的园丁们正是如此——前者就变得更加迫切。

Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ____

进入高层管理的女性成为头条新闻，是由于缺少____

Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious.

后来他婚姻破裂，事业受挫，酗酒也变得严重起来。

The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently.

最高法院大法官的道德判断近来已成为一个重要问题。

This is the credibility process, through which the individual researcher's me, here, now becomes the community's anyone, anywhere, anytime.

这就是可信度确立的过程，通过这一过程，研究者个人的“我、此地、此时”变成了科学界的“任何人、任何地方、任何时间”。

Once a discovery claim becomes public, the discoverer receives intellectual credit.

一项发现主张一旦公开，发现者便获得了学术上的认可。

Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it ____

第三段表明，一项发现主张在____之后变得可信

As the cost to everyone else has become clearer, politicians have begun to clamp down.

随着其他所有人付出的代价日益明显，政客们开始进行压制。

It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the dimensions and universes that it might entail.

然而，考虑到这种理论可能涉及的多重维度和宇宙，它是否会是一种简化正变得越来越不明确。

It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

直到20世纪80年代中期，放大年龄和性别差异成为儿童产品的主要营销策略，粉色才真正大行其道，开始显得天生对女孩有吸引力，成为界定她们女性身份的一部分，至少在最初几个关键年份里是如此。

It was only after “toddler” became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.

直到“学步儿”成为购物者的常用词之后，它才演变成一个被广泛接受的发展阶段。

Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways: they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others.

许多人说，失业虽然极其痛苦，却在某些方面让他们变得更好：他们变得不那么物质，理财更加谨慎；他们更能体会他人的艰辛。

And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.

它也改变了公众历史：楼下的仆人与楼上的主人变得同样引人入胜。

It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry [because] they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

19世纪末曾有人提出，人不是因为悲伤才哭泣，而是在眼泪开始流下时才变得悲伤。

It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange.

一年后，她才成为一家小型网上商品交易所的负责人。

But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media — for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.

但在某些情况下，一个营销者的自有媒体会成为另一个营销者的付费媒体——例如，当一家电子商务零售商在其网站上出售广告位时。

Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product.

这种被劫持的媒体与赢得媒体恰恰相反：一项资产或一场营销活动沦为消费者、其他利益相关者或活动人士手中的人质，他们会对某个品牌或产品提出负面指控。

No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr. Menand points out, become a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.

没有哪个学科像人文学科这样热衷于专业化。梅南先生指出，你可以用三年成为律师，用四年成为医生。但在人文学科获得博士学位的正常时间却是九年。毫不奇怪，多达一半的英语专业博士生在获得学位前就退学了。

The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr. Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.” Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticise. “Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.” Yet quite how that happens, Mr. Menand does not say.

梅南先生总结道，改革高等教育的关键在于改变“知识生产者被培养出来”的方式。否则，学者们的思维将继续危险地趋同，与他们所研究、调查和批评的社会日益脱节。“至少在某些领域，学术探究可能需要减少排他性，变得更加全面。”然而，究竟如何做到这一点，梅南先生并没有说。

Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don't “get” success but become it.

成就之所以产生，是因为你这个人体现了外在的成就；你不是“获得”成功，而是成为成功。

(50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.

（50）好的一面在于，认识到一切都取决于我们自己，就蕴含着种种可能；以前我们是罗列各种限制的专家，现在我们则成了探索种种可能的权威。

Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs's board as an outside director in January 2000; a year later she became President of Brown University.

2000年1月，露丝·西蒙斯以外部董事身份加入高盛董事会；一年后，她成为布朗大学校长。

become more stable.

变得更稳定。

Should they become charitable corporations?

报纸应该变成慈善机构吗？

Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers.

报纸正成为更加均衡的行业，来自读者和广告商的收入构成更加健康。