book简单

But for the most part, this isn’t what the business community does. I have yet to meet a chief executive who reads regularly. Many skip newspapers, and magazines are a stretch. They don’t have time, they say. It’s inefficient; they can get the information they need from those around them. At a pinch, they might pick up a business book before a long flight, in the hope that, like a cookbook, it will provide a foolproof recipe. Some are drawn to what I think of as “business car crash” books — the stories of Theranos, Purdue, or WeWork. But outside those narrow pools of interest, a vast ocean awaits, bountiful with simmering ideas, mental adventure and imaginative refreshment.

但在大多数情况下，商界人士并不这样做。我还从未见过一位经常阅读的首席执行官。许多人不看报纸，杂志对他们来说也很勉强。他们说自己没有时间。阅读效率太低；他们可以从身边的人那里获得所需的信息。实在不得已时，他们可能会在长途飞行前拿起一本商业书籍，希望它能像食谱一样提供万无一失的秘诀。有些人被我所说的“商业车祸”类书籍所吸引——比如Theranos、普渡或WeWork的故事。但在这些狭小的兴趣池之外，一片浩瀚的海洋正等待着你，那里满是酝酿中的思想、心灵的冒险和想象力的焕新。

Reading has also been found to make us more helpful, to reduce bias, and even to increase longevity — something we will enjoy all the more if we have a good book in our hands. (And yes, all these benefits are more closely associated with physical books than digital ones.)

研究还发现，阅读能让我们更乐于助人、减少偏见，甚至延长寿命——如果手里有一本好书，我们会更加享受这份长寿。（没错，所有这些益处与纸质书的联系都比与电子书更为密切。）

Reading has also been found to make us more helpful, to reduce bias, and even to increase longevity — something we will enjoy all the more if we have a good book in our hands. (And yes, all these benefits are more closely associated with physical books than digital ones.)

研究还发现，阅读能让我们更乐于助人、减少偏见，甚至延长寿命——如果手里有一本好书，我们会更加享受这份长寿。（没错，所有这些益处与纸质书的联系都比与电子书更为密切。）

While books are, and should always be, at the heart of any library, a multitude of other services are offered: employment advice, language classes or digital access and support.

虽然书籍是、也应该永远是任何图书馆的核心，但图书馆还提供大量其他服务：就业咨询、语言课程，或数字接入与支持。

boast desirable book collections.

拥有令人满意的藏书。

A children’s author and poet who had become a keen amateur photographer, Peters watched the butterflies and idly wondered if he could capture them in flight. It swiftly became an obsession as he recovered from a successful operation to remove the cancer. In recent summers, he has travelled the length and breadth of Britain to photograph all 58 native species of butterfly. Now the fruits of those summers have been published in a beautiful new book.

彼得斯是一位儿童作家和诗人，后来成了一名热心的业余摄影师。他看着那些蝴蝶，随意地想自己能否拍下它们飞行的样子。在成功切除癌症的手术后康复期间，这个念头很快变成了一种痴迷。最近几个夏天，他走遍英国各地，拍摄了全部58种本土蝴蝶。如今，这几个夏天的成果已汇编成一本精美的新书出版。

As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes burn down their homes if they were planning to relocate.

正如罗玛·阿格拉沃尔在她妙趣横生的新书《螺母与螺栓》中所解释的，17世纪早期的弗吉尼亚人在打算搬家时，有时会把自己的房子烧掉。

After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing I’ve learnt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it’s the cheap technologies that change the world.

在写了两本关于发明史的书之后，我明白了一件事：虽然备受追捧的是那些精妙迷人的复杂技术，但真正改变世界的却是廉价的技术。

In her new book Cogs and Monsters: What Economics Is, and What It Should Be, Diane Coyle, an economist at Cambridge University, argues that the digital economy requires new ways of thinking about progress.

剑桥大学经济学家黛安·科伊尔在其新书《齿轮与怪兽：经济学是什么，又应该是什么》中指出，数字经济需要以新的方式来思考进步。

Coyle argues in her new book that economic growth should ____

科伊尔在她的新书中认为，经济增长应该____

If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones, the biggest book retailer in the UK, in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit; the same may be true of The President’s Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson.

如果你正前往离你最近的水石书店（英国最大的图书零售商）分店，寻找苏塞克斯公爵夫人的新童书《长椅》，你可能得做好四处翻找一番的准备；比尔·克林顿和詹姆斯·帕特森合著的新惊悚小说《总统的女儿》或许也是如此。

If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones, the biggest book retailer in the UK, in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit; the same may be true of The President’s Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson.

如果你正前往离你最近的水石书店（英国最大的图书零售商）分店，寻找苏塞克斯公爵夫人的新童书《长椅》，你可能得做好四处翻找一番的准备；比尔·克林顿和詹姆斯·帕特森合著的新惊悚小说《总统的女儿》或许也是如此。

Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House (PRH), a company currently involved in a stand-off with Waterstones.

这两本书都将于下周由企鹅兰登书屋（PRH）出版，而这家公司目前正与水石书店陷入僵持。

The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and were “quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”.

行业杂志《书商》报道称，水石书店的分店经理们被告知，要把企鹅兰登书屋的书从书桌、展示区和橱窗等显眼位置撤下，并“悄悄地将它们放回相应的分区”。

The sales for our May Books of the Month surpassed any month since 2018.”

我们五月“每月好书”的销量超过了2018年以来的任何一个月。”

Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it’s those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.

企鹅兰登书屋的知名作者或许会受到一点影响，但真正会祈祷这场纠纷早日结束的，是那些中等销量的作者，他们通常依靠水石书店员工推广不太知名作家作品的热情。

After all, many of the most interesting books in recent years have come from small publishers.”

毕竟，近年来许多最有趣的书都出自小出版商。”

The author mentions two books in Paragraph 1 to present ____

作者在第1段提到两本书是为了呈现____

Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant sections?

为什么水石书店的门店把企鹅兰登书屋的书撤回到相应分区？

The book market is rather slack.

图书市场相当萧条。

Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably.

企鹅兰登书屋中等销量作家的图书销量大幅下降。

Waterstones staff hesitate to promote big-name authors’ books.

水石书店员工对推广知名作者的书犹豫不决。

Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect; he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including voting rates, blood donation and returning library books.

施维茨格贝尔曾预测这一干预不会产生任何效果；他此前发现，伦理学教授在一系列行为上与其他教授并无不同，包括投票率、献血和归还图书馆书籍。

In her latest book, Why Good People Do Bad Environmental Things, Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.

伊丽莎白·R·德松布尔在她的新书《为什么好人会做破坏环境的事》中指出，集体改变大量人群行为的最佳方式是让这种改变成为结构性的。

How many times have I heard people say, "I could write a book.

我有多少次听到人们说：“我也能写本书。

He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical.

他是新罕布什尔州一所高中的教师，在那里，学习不是书本、考试和机械记忆之类的东西，而是注重实践。

Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!

每个人都是一本值得一读、值得与之交谈的好书！

Nowadays, his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year.

如今，他的阅读材料已不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，他透露自己每年至少读50本非虚构类书籍。

Nowadays, his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year.

如今，他的阅读材料已不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，他透露自己每年至少读50本非虚构类书籍。

“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge to explore,” Gates says.

盖茨说：“每一本书都开辟了新的知识途径供人探索。”

Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour’s pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.

《博兹随笔》问世后不久，一家出版公司找到狄更斯，请他按月分期创作一个故事，作为当时著名画家罗伯特·西摩一系列木刻画的背景故事，而这个故事的构想最初正是出自西摩。狄更斯以他特有的自信，成功地坚持让西摩的画反过来为他自己的故事配图。第一期刊出后，狄更斯写信给这位画家，要求他修改一幅狄更斯认为不够忠实于其文字的插图。西摩改了画，走进自家后院，以自杀的方式表达了他的不满。狄更斯和他的出版商干脆换了一位新画家继续推进。这部喜剧小说《匹克威克俱乐部遗稿》于1836年和1837年连载，并于1837年首次以书籍形式出版。

The web’s full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times.”

网上到处都是提供挤时间读书窍门的文章：“别看电视了”或者“随时随身带本书”。

Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning — or else you’re so exhausted that a challenging book’s the last thing you need.

坐下来读书时，与工作相关的思绪像飞轮一样转个不停——要不然就是你累得筋疲力尽，最不需要的就是一本有难度的书。

“The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them.”

加里·埃伯利在他的《神圣时间》一书中写道：“未来像一个个空瓶子沿着一条无法停止、几乎无限长的传送带向我们涌来”，并且“我们感到一种压力，要在这些大小不一的瓶子（日、时、分）经过时将其装满，因为如果它们未被装满就溜走了，我们就浪费了它们。”

No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.

对于沉浸在书中而言，没有比这更糟糕的心态了。

You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers.

你可以只读纸质书或者用单一功能的电子阅读器阅读，以此限制干扰。

“Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too — providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down.

“随时随身带本书”实际上也能奏效——只要你足够频繁地翻阅，使阅读成为一种默认状态，你只是暂时从中浮出水面处理事务，然后再沉回去。

what people often forget is carrying a book with them.

人们常常忘记的是随身带书。

what challenging books demand is repetitive reading.

有难度的书所要求的是反复阅读。

“Carry a book with you at all times” can work if ____

如果____，“随时随身带本书”就能奏效

Yet children appear to have it down to an art — and for the most part they don’t need self-help books or therapy.

然而孩子们似乎把这件事做得炉火纯青——而且他们大多不需要自助类书籍或心理治疗。

Such dimensions of reading suggest — as others introduced later in the book will also do — that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading.

阅读的这些维度表明——正如本书后面介绍的其他维度也会表明的那样——我们在任何阅读行为中都带有一种隐含的（往往未被承认的）目的。

The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.

20世纪90年代的“妈妈战争”至今仍在继续，引发了关于女性为何仍不能兼得一切的争论，也催生了谢丽尔·桑德伯格的《向前一步》这类书，其书名本身就已成为流行语。

But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.

但大多数人读完这本书后都会觉得这钱花得值。

This argument has attracted a lot of attention, via the success of the book Race Against the Machine, by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, who both hail from MIT’s Center for Digital Business.

随着《与机器赛跑》一书的成功，这一观点引起了广泛关注。该书作者埃里克·布林约尔松和安德鲁·麦卡菲均来自麻省理工学院数字商务中心。

And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books, says Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.

然而，《拉动的力量》等书的作者约翰·黑格尔说，布林约尔松和麦卡菲没有看到这些工作从一开始就如此容易受到技术冲击的原因。

As Hagel notes, Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book.

正如黑格尔所指出的，布林约尔松和麦卡菲确实在书中谈到了这一点。

But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.

但蒂娜·罗森伯格在她的新书《加入俱乐部》中主张，同伴压力也可以通过她所说的“社会疗法”成为一种积极力量：机构和官员借助群体动力的力量，帮助个人改善生活，甚至可能改善世界。

In the author's view, Rosenberg's book fails to ____

在作者看来，罗森伯格的书未能____

The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree.

《观念的市场：美国大学的改革与阻力》这本精妙而睿智的小书，每一个打算申请攻读博士学位的学生都应该读一读。

His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” — they form a sort of social glue.

他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等。这些学科正在变得不受欢迎：如今22%的美国大学毕业生主修商科，而主修历史的只有2%，主修英语的只有4%。然而，许多美国一流大学希望本科生打好基础，掌握每一个受过教育的人都应具备的基本思想经典。但大多数大学难以就“通识教育”应该是什么样子达成一致。梅南先生指出，在哈佛，“名著之所以被阅读，是因为它们一直被人阅读”——它们形成了一种社会黏合剂。

With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinketh by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.

詹姆斯·艾伦的《思考的人》一书以“心灵是编织大师”为主题，认为心灵塑造了我们的内在性格和外在境遇，深入探讨了励志类作品的核心思想。

Part of the fame of Allen's book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”

艾伦这本书之所以出名，部分在于书中的这一论点：“环境不能造就一个人，只能展现一个人。”

The sobering aspect of Allen's book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves.

艾伦这本书发人深省的一面在于，对于我们目前的状况，除了自己，我们不能责怪任何人。