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- a. 天生的，十足的未考
a. 出生的，产生的10 次
When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be: if not librarians and archivists, then no one.
说到原生数字信息，答案可能令人恐惧：如果不是图书馆员和档案管理员，那就没有人了。
An infant born to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers — this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.
出生在狩猎采集社会的婴儿可能有十多位照料者——这与英国的托儿所形成了鲜明对比，英国的规定要求，对于两到三岁的儿童，照料者与儿童的比例为一比四。
It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.
正是伴随着这些伟大的发现，一种以理性为基础的新哲学诞生了。
Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring — the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year — the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.
既然Z世代的成员将在今年春天大学毕业——最普遍接受的定义认为这代人出生于1995年之后，前后误差一年左右——近几周来人们对他们的关注一直在稳步上升。
If “entitled” is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those born between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious.
如果说“自以为理所应得”是形容千禧一代（出生于1981年至1995年之间的人）最常用的形容词（不论公平与否），那么形容Z世代的关键词则是务实和谨慎。
Children aren't born knowing how to say "I'm sorry"; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends — and their own consciences.
孩子并非生来就知道说“对不起”；相反，他们是随着时间推移才认识到，这样的话能安抚父母和朋友——以及他们自己的良心。
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Today's farm laborers, while still predominantly born in Mexico, are more likely to be settled rather than migrating and more likely to be married than single.
如今的农场劳工虽然仍以墨西哥出生者为主，但他们更可能是定居者而非流动者，而且已婚的可能性高于单身。
Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay Office — a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.
狄更斯出生于英格兰南部海岸的朴次茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母分别是管家和女管家，因为当过仆人，地位更低，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的出身。据说狄更斯的母亲出身于一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被抓，逃往欧洲大陆，再也没有回来。家境日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在12岁时辍学，到沃伦鞋油作坊——一家鞋油厂——做工，在那里其他做工的男孩嘲笑他是“小绅士”。后来他的父亲因负债入狱。父亲入狱的屈辱和他在鞋油厂做工的经历成了狄更斯最大的创伤，也成了他最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子吐露这些事，尽管它们构成了他小说中未被承认的基础。
This proposed mandate was born of frustration.
这一拟议中的强制规定源于挫败感。
The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who suggested that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar.
这些尝试中最著名的一次由诺姆·乔姆斯基发起，他提出人类生来就具有一种先天的语言习得能力，这种能力决定了一种普遍语法。
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On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”
另一方面，特罗尼克本人担心，对孩子使用屏幕的忧虑源于一种“要求父母应该始终与孩子互动的压迫性观念”：“这种观念有点脱离现实，非常白人化，非常中上阶层化，它认为如果你没能让孩子接触到三万个单词，你就是在忽视他们。”