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n. 学院，高等专科学校，大学79 次
How Colleges Weigh Applicants’ Extracurricular Activities
大学如何权衡申请者的课外活动
High school students eager to stand out in the college application process often participate in a litany of extracurricular activities hoping to bolster their chances of admission to a selective undergraduate institution.
渴望在大学申请过程中脱颖而出的高中生常常参加一连串的课外活动，希望借此提高被一所择优录取的本科院校录取的机会。
However, college admissions experts say that the quality of a college hopeful’s extracurricular activities matters more than the number of activities he or she participates in.
然而，大学招生专家表示，一名有志上大学者的课外活动质量比他或她参加的活动数量更重要。
However, college admissions experts say that the quality of a college hopeful’s extracurricular activities matters more than the number of activities he or she participates in.
然而，大学招生专家表示，一名有志上大学者的课外活动质量比他或她参加的活动数量更重要。
Sue Rexford, the director of college guidance at the Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School, says it is not necessary for a student filling out the Common Application to list 10 activities in the application.
查尔斯·E·史密斯犹太走读学校的升学指导主任苏·雷克斯福德说，填写通用申请表的学生没有必要在申请中列出10项活动。
“No college will expect that a student has a huge laundry list of extracurriculars that they have been passionately involved in each for an extended period of time,” Rexford wrote in an email.
雷克斯福德在一封电子邮件中写道：“没有哪所大学会期望一个学生拥有一长串课外活动，而且每一项都长期热情投入。”
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“The competition to stand out and make an impact is going to be much stiffer, and so if they’re going to do a popular activity, I’d say, be the best at it,” says Sara Harberson, a college admissions consultant.
大学招生顾问萨拉·哈伯森说：“想要脱颖而出、产生影响，竞争会激烈得多，所以如果他们要参加一项热门活动，我会说，那就做到最好。”
High school students who have an impressive personal project they are working on independently often impress colleges, experts say.
专家们说，那些有一个令人印象深刻、独立开展的个人项目的高中生往往能给大学留下深刻印象。
Joseph Adegboyega-Edun, a Maryland high school guidance counselor, says unconventional extracurricular activities can help students impress college admissions offices, assuming they demonstrated serious commitment.
马里兰州的一位高中升学指导顾问约瑟夫·阿德博耶加-埃敦说，非常规的课外活动可以帮助学生给大学招生办留下深刻印象，前提是他们表现出了认真的投入。
Experts say demonstrating talent in at least one extracurricular activity can help in the college admissions process, especially at top-tier undergraduate institutions.
专家们说，在至少一项课外活动中展示才华有助于大学录取，尤其是在顶尖的本科院校。
Extracurricular activities related to the college major declared on a college application are beneficial, experts suggest.
专家们认为，与大学申请中所申报专业相关的课外活动是有益的。
Extracurricular activities related to the college major declared on a college application are beneficial, experts suggest.
专家们认为，与大学申请中所申报专业相关的课外活动是有益的。
High school students who have had a strong positive influence on their community through an extracurricular activity may impress a college and win a scholarship, says Erica Gwyn, a former math and science magnet program assistant at a public high school who is now executive director of the Kaleidoscope Careers Academy in Atlanta, a nonprofit organization.
埃丽卡·格温说，通过课外活动对所在社区产生了强大积极影响的高中生可能会给大学留下深刻印象并赢得奖学金。她曾是一所公立高中数理特色项目的助理，现任亚特兰大非营利组织万花筒职业学院的执行主任。
Undertaking too many extracurricular activities will hardly be seen as a plus by colleges.
参加过多的课外活动很难被大学视为加分项。
A student who exhibits abilities in doing business can impress colleges.
展示出经商能力的学生能给大学留下深刻印象。
It is advisable for students to choose an extracurricular activity that is related to their future study at college.
学生最好选择与其将来大学学习相关的课外活动。
be careful in choosing a college.
谨慎选择大学
reassess the necessity of college education.
重新评估大学教育的必要性
finance their staff’s college education.
资助员工的大学教育。
College students’ ratings of strawberry jams and college courses aligned better with experts’ opinions when the students weren’t asked to analyze their rationale.
当大学生不被要求分析自己的理由时，他们对草莓酱和大学课程的评分与专家意见更加一致。
College students’ ratings of strawberry jams and college courses aligned better with experts’ opinions when the students weren’t asked to analyze their rationale.
当大学生不被要求分析自己的理由时，他们对草莓酱和大学课程的评分与专家意见更加一致。
Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring — the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year — the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.
既然Z世代的成员将在今年春天大学毕业——最普遍接受的定义认为这代人出生于1995年之后，前后误差一年左右——近几周来人们对他们的关注一直在稳步上升。
And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.
而且，根据全美高校与雇主协会开展的一项调查，今年美国雇主计划招聘的应届毕业生人数将比去年多出约17%。
The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt.
繁荣的经济似乎没能减轻这一代人内心深处那种焦虑的紧迫感，对于那些背负大学贷款的人来说尤其如此。
College loan balances in the U.S. now stand at a record $1.5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.
根据美联储的数据，美国的大学贷款余额目前达到创纪录的1.5万亿美元。
Generation Zs graduating college this spring ____
今年春天大学毕业的Z世代____
The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates.
近年来，这一鲜为人知的做法的使用越来越普遍，因为大学一直在竭尽全力留住学生（并让他们继续缴纳学费），同时提高毕业率。
When this practice first started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses.
几十年前这种做法刚出现时，通常仅限于新生，目的是在他们难以适应大学水平的课程时，给他们在第一年再上一次某门课的机会。
But now most colleges, save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.
但如今，除了许多选拔严格的学校外，大多数大学都允许所有本科生甚至研究生的低分得到豁免。
College officials also tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty.
大学官员还往往强调，成绩豁免的目的与其说是成绩本身，不如说是鼓励学生重修那些对其学位课程和毕业至关重要的课程，而不必因此受到严重惩罚。
That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges’ own needs as well.
话虽如此，成绩豁免在某种程度上也满足了大学自身的需要。
And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students — who, at the end of the day, are paying the bill — feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is another big concern for colleges.
而任何能提高GPA的做法都可能让学生——他们毕竟是付钱的人——觉得自己交的学费更值，这是大学关心的另一件大事。
Since students and parents expect a college degree to lead to a job, it is in the best interest of a school to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possible — or at least appear to be.
既然学生和家长都期望大学学位能带来一份工作，那么培养出尽可能合格的毕业生——或者至少看起来合格——就最符合学校的利益。
On this, students’ and colleges’ incentives seem to be aligned.
在这一点上，学生和大学的动机似乎是一致的。
Colleges’ neglect of GPAs.
大学对GPA的忽视。
To help freshmen adapt to college learning.
帮助新生适应大学学习。
To maintain colleges’ graduation rates.
维持大学的毕业率。
According to Paragraph 5, grade forgiveness enables colleges to ______
根据第5段，成绩豁免使大学能够______
Curriculums — from grammar school to college — should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication.
课程——从小学到大学——应当逐步转变，少注重记忆事实，多注重创造力和复杂沟通能力。
Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year.
如今，要求立即上大学的普遍社会压力，再加上在这个快速变化的世界里日益提高的期望，常常使学生完全忽略了间隔年的可能性。
After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it?
毕竟，如果你认识的每个人都要在秋天上大学，你推迟一年似乎很傻，不是吗？
Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.
来自美国和澳大利亚的研究表明，休过间隔年的学生通常比没有休过的学生对大学准备得更充分，在大学里表现得也更好。
Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.
在适应大学生活、被投入一个全新环境时，间隔年的经历可以减轻冲击，让学生更容易专注于学业和活动，而不是适应过程中的失误。
According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once.
根据美国国家教育统计中心的数据，近80%的大学生最终至少更换过一次专业。
This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in college.
这并不奇怪，因为高中基础必修课程让学生对大学里等待着他们的广阔学术可能性知之甚少。
Many students find themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes.
许多学生在大学申请中填报了一个专业，但在上了大学课程后又转到了另一个专业。
Many students find themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes.
许多学生在大学申请中填报了一个专业，但在上了大学课程后又转到了另一个专业。
At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department.
例如，在波士顿学院，如果你要从其他院系转到护理学院，就得多读一年。
they have a lot of fun to expect in college.
他们在大学里有很多乐趣可以期待。
switch to another college.
转到另一所大学。
Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.
罗斯先生招收了三名社区大学的学生参加一个实习项目，起薪为每小时13美元，两年后涨到17美元。
“The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College.
“缺口存在于不需要技能的工作和需要大量技能的工作之间，”蒙特卡姆社区学院的商学教授罗布·斯波尔说。
Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance.
大急流城社区学院的朱莉·帕克斯指出了吸引千禧一代进入制造业的另一个关键：工作与生活的平衡。
It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college.
诚然，高中编程课对于在大学学习计算机科学并非必不可少。
Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or -determined students away.
学生在上大学之前学一些编程知识也有好处，因为大学里的计算机科学入门课人满为患，这可能会把经验较少或决心不足的学生赶走。
Schneider, a 27-year-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs, says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college.
施耐德是来自芝加哥郊区的一名27岁的汽车技师，他说自己大学毕业后费了好大劲才找到工作。
Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young.
回首往事，他惊讶于在他小时候，尽管父母都没有读完大学，却能为孩子们提供舒适的生活。
“I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn’t have college degrees,” Schneider said.
“尽管我父母没有大学学位，我仍然是在一个中上阶层家庭里长大的，”施耐德说。
His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree.
他父母的好生活与大学学位关系不大。
He found a dream job after graduating from college.
他大学毕业后找到了一份理想的工作。
For years, studies have found that first-generation college students — those who do not have a parent with a college degree — lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.
多年来，研究发现，第一代大学生——即父母都没有大学学位的学生——在一系列教育成就指标上落后于其他学生。
For years, studies have found that first-generation college students — those who do not have a parent with a college degree — lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.
多年来，研究发现，第一代大学生——即父母都没有大学学位的学生——在一系列教育成就指标上落后于其他学生。
But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.
但由于这类学生如果在高等教育中取得成功，最有可能在经济上实现提升，因此几十年来各高校一直在努力招收更多这样的学生。
First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree.
第一代大学生被定义为父母都没有四年制大学学位的学生。
Their thesis — that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact — was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.
他们的论点——相对温和的干预可以产生巨大影响——基于这样一种观点：第一代大学生最缺乏的可能不是潜力，而是如何应对大多数大学生所面临问题的实用知识。
Many first-generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write.
他们写道，许多第一代大学生“难以适应高等教育中的中产阶级文化，难以学会‘游戏规则’，也难以利用大学资源”。
And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students.
而当大学不谈论不同学生群体在阶层上的优势和劣势时，这个问题就变得更加严重。
“Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experiences, many first-generation students lack insight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students ‘like them’ can improve.”
“由于美国高校很少承认社会阶层会如何影响学生的教育经历，许多第一代大学生不明白自己为何举步维艰，也不懂得‘像他们这样的’学生该如何进步。”
depressed college students.
使大学生感到沮丧。
have failed their college.
大学学业失败了。
are inexperienced in handling their issues at college.
在处理大学里遇到的问题方面缺乏经验。
colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question.
大学对所讨论的问题负有部分责任。
Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities.
遗憾的是，尽管历时两年半才完成，《问题的核心》却始终没有触及问题的核心：我国一流高校中博雅教育的“不博雅”本质。
The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.
该委员会忽视了这样一个事实：几十年来，美国高校培养出的毕业生并不了解博雅教育的内容和特质，因而也无法从中受益。
These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.
这些正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国家试图通过向大学毕业生倾斜的移民规定来吸引的人才。
His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” — they form a sort of social glue.
他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等。这些学科正在变得不受欢迎：如今22%的美国大学毕业生主修商科，而主修历史的只有2%，主修英语的只有4%。然而，许多美国一流大学希望本科生打好基础，掌握每一个受过教育的人都应具备的基本思想经典。但大多数大学难以就“通识教育”应该是什么样子达成一致。梅南先生指出，在哈佛，“名著之所以被阅读，是因为它们一直被人阅读”——它们形成了一种社会黏合剂。
We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War Ⅱ as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.
我们往往认为二战刚结束后的几十年是繁荣发展的时期：数以百万计的士兵返回家园，凭借《退伍军人权利法案》上大学，在婚姻登记处排起长队。
Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking.
英国皇家儿科与儿童健康学院院长特伦斯·斯蒂芬森教授说，食用不健康食品应被视为与吸烟或酗酒同样有害。
Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”
英国皇家精神科医学院院长迪内希·布格拉教授说：“如果让孩子们了解食物对他们成长的影响，知道有些东西会造成伤害，那么至少他们事先就能获得这些信息。”