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- n. 炉火未考
- vi. 开火未考
- vt. 放（枪）未考
大纲外大纲词表没有列出、但真题里用到的意思。 派生由这个词构成的派生词、合成词的意思。
n. 火灾，失火23 次
The fact that fires happened so often meant they couldn’t have been severe enough to kill most trees.
火灾发生得如此频繁，这意味着它们不可能严重到足以烧死大部分树木。
Instead, a growing body of research showed that frequent, low-severity fires made many ecosystems healthier.
相反，越来越多的研究表明，频繁的低强度火灾让许多生态系统变得更健康。
In 2022, Swetnam and other scientists teamed up to compile a database of fire-scarred trees from across the continent.
2022年，斯韦特纳姆和其他科学家合作，汇编了一个涵盖整个北美大陆带火疤树木的数据库。
Their North American tree-ring fire-scar network (NAFSN) provided the basis for a study published last month.
他们建立的北美树木年轮火疤网络（NAFSN）为上个月发表的一项研究提供了基础。
In the study, the researchers compared the historical fire cadence with the wildfires recorded over the past few decades, and uncovered a striking shortfall.
在这项研究中，研究人员将历史上的火灾发生节律与过去几十年记录的野火进行了比较，发现了一个惊人的缺口。
The NAFSN sites experienced less than a quarter of the number of fires that would have been expected without fire suppression.
NAFSN各站点经历的火灾次数还不到没有灭火干预情况下预期次数的四分之一。
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The NAFSN sites experienced less than a quarter of the number of fires that would have been expected without fire suppression.
NAFSN各站点经历的火灾次数还不到没有灭火干预情况下预期次数的四分之一。
This deficit is a testament to the effectiveness of modern firefighting, said Kelly Martin, a past president of the International Association of Wildland Fire.
国际荒地火灾协会前主席凯莉·马丁说，这一缺口证明了现代消防的有效性。
“Yet the combined consequences of suppression and climate change have eroded humanity’s ability to suppress fires, particularly those that ignite under the most dangerous weather conditions.”
“然而，灭火和气候变化的共同后果削弱了人类扑灭火灾的能力，尤其是那些在最危险的天气条件下燃起的火灾。”
Research shows that these prescribed burns make subsequent wildfires less severe, even if later fires happen under the most dangerous weather conditions.
研究表明，这些计划烧除会降低后续野火的严重程度，即使之后的火灾发生在最危险的天气条件下也是如此。
“It’s a double-edged sword because wildfires are getting more severe and larger under climate change and we need this work even more, but then the work gets more challenging,” said Susan Prichard, a fire ecologist at the University of Washington.
“这是一把双刃剑，因为在气候变化下野火变得越来越严重、规模越来越大，我们更加需要这项工作，但这项工作也变得更具挑战性，”华盛顿大学的火灾生态学家苏珊·普里查德说。
the benefits of low-severity fires.
低强度火灾的益处。
It may make severe fires harder to put out.
它可能使严重的火灾更难扑灭。
it is rewarding to double fire detection efforts.
加倍努力探测火情是值得的。
Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.
即使发生火灾，被烧毁的树木也会更少。
That's only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.
这仅占可受益总面积（总计约50万英亩）的一小部分，因此优先处理火灾或干旱风险最大的地区将至关重要。
Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety.
几乎所有的内部细节都是铸铁或石膏制成的；木材的使用被减到最少，以确保防火安全。
The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid. The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.
艾森豪威尔行政办公大楼的历史早在其奠基之前很久就开始了。最早的行政办公楼建于1799年至1820年间。一系列火灾（包括1814年英国人纵的火）和过度拥挤的状况促成了现有财政部大楼的建造。1866年，财政部大楼北翼的建设使得国务院大楼不得不被拆除。
In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires — nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.
2015年，美国林务局首次将其55亿美元年度预算的一半以上用于扑灭火灾——这一比例几乎是20年前用于此类工作的比例的两倍。
Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts.
另一个全国性的问题是，其他机构的公共资金是否被投入到火灾易发地区的建设中。
Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change — how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.
过去十年里，焦点一直集中在气候变化上——温室气体导致的地球变暖如何造成使火灾恶化的条件。
raise more funds for fire-prone areas.
为火灾易发地区筹集更多资金。
fire-fighting conditions are improving.
灭火条件正在改善。
n. 火15 次
Some of the trees he analyzed bore more than 20 fire scars among their rings.
他分析的一些树木的年轮中留有20多处火疤。
To prevent entire ecosystems from going up in smoke, Martin said, people must bring healthy fire back to places that need it.
马丁说，为了防止整个生态系统化为灰烬，人们必须把健康的火重新带回需要它的地方。
These fires were carefully planned and intentionally ignited during periods when weather kept the blazes easy to control, and helped eliminate some of the fuel that had built up around the important park’s facilities.
这些火是经过精心规划的，并在天气条件使火势易于控制的时期有意点燃，它们帮助清除了这座重要公园的设施周围积聚的部分可燃物。
Yet even as scientists and public officials increasingly agree on the need for more fires in our forests, climate change is making this tactic more challenging, experts said.
然而专家们表示，尽管科学家和政府官员越来越认同我们的森林需要更多的火，但气候变化正使这一策略变得更具挑战性。
it is urgent to assess the use of planned fires.
评估计划用火的使用迫在眉睫。
For example, type in “Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,” and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style.
例如，输入“手持宝剑和发光魔法火球的巫师大战凶猛巨龙 格雷格·鲁特科夫斯基”，系统就会生成一幅与鲁特科夫斯基风格的作品相差无几的图像。
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At night, scan the horizon for [artificial] light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.
夜间，扫视地平线寻找人造光源，如火光和路灯，然后朝着光污染形成的光亮走去。
Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.
火灾生态与管理专家马克斯·莫里茨教授说，尽管日益频繁的野火常被视为西部各州的问题，但由于它对联邦税款的影响，这已成为一个全国性的问题。
Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.
研究人员说，这种观点需要当今美国社会看待火灾的方式发生相应的转变。
At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado.
科罗拉多大学的鲍尔奇教授说，与此同时，人们仍然把火视为一种需要完全控制、只在必要时才释放的事物。
But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.
但她说，承认火在人类生活中不可避免的存在，这种态度对于制定尽可能保障安全的法律、政策和做法至关重要。
“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says.
“我们已经切断了自己与火共存的联系，”鲍尔奇说。
“It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”
“理解并设法理清当今人类与火之间的联系，真的非常重要。”
a shift in the view of fire has taken place.
对火的看法已经发生转变。
Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should ____
鲍尔奇教授指出，火是人类应该____的东西
vt. 解雇，开除大纲外7 次
The personal grievance provisions of New Zealand’s Employment Relations Act 2000 (ERA) prevent an employer from firing an employee without good cause.
新西兰《2000年雇佣关系法》（ERA）中的个人申诉条款禁止雇主在没有正当理由的情况下解雇员工。
As countless boards and business owners will attest, constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance.
正如无数董事会和企业主都会证实的那样，限制公司解雇表现不佳的高薪经理，会阻碍生产率和整体业绩的提升。
Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee, employers are more cautious about hiring new staff.
由于就业保护法使解雇员工的成本更高，雇主在招聘新员工时更加谨慎。
AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company that decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy.
AT&T常被视为一家公司决定开展大规模再培训项目、而不采取“解雇再招聘”策略的典范。
an alternative to the fire-and-hire strategy.
“解雇再招聘”策略的替代方案。
fired
被解雇
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You cannot fire your family.
你不能解雇自己的家人。
v. （神经细胞等）放电，激发大纲外2 次
[Though] plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that [hinted at] consciousness, researchers previously reported.
研究人员此前报告称，尽管植物没有大脑，但其茎叶中电信号的激发仍然引发了暗示意识存在的反应。
[However], the signaling in a plant is only [superficially] similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than “a mass of cells that communicate by electricity,” Taiz said.
然而，泰兹说，植物中的信号传递与复杂动物大脑中的神经放电只是表面相似，后者远不止是“一团通过电进行交流的细胞”。
a. （sure-fire）必定成功的，万无一失的派生1 次
Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits.
把孩子或成人划分为越来越细的类别，已被证明是提高利润的必胜之道。
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But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?
但到2009年底，西蒙斯女士因曾任高盛薪酬委员会成员而饱受抨击：她怎么能对那些巨额奖金发放不置一词？