group简单

Butterflies may not pollinate as many plants as wild bees and hoverflies, but because British butterflies are the best-studied group of insects in the world, they are an extremely useful indicator of the wider declines in flying insects.

蝴蝶授粉的植物也许不如野蜂和食蚜蝇那么多，但由于英国蝴蝶是世界上被研究得最透彻的昆虫类群，它们是反映飞行昆虫更大范围减少的一个极其有用的指标。

(49) These groups of people are part of a rapidly expanding biotechnological social movement of citizen scientists and professional scientists seeking to take discovery out of institutions and put it into the hands of anyone with the enthusiasm.

(49) 这些群体是一场迅速发展的生物技术社会运动的一部分，这场运动由公民科学家和专业科学家组成，他们力图把科学发现从机构中带出来，交到任何有热情的人手中。

The group is in its early days of mobilization, which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.

该团体尚处于动员初期，其行动可能包括推动出台新的政策或法规。

You can then find groups and activities related to those where you will be able to meet [like-minded] people.

然后你可以找到与这些爱好相关的团体和活动，在那里你能结识{{11}}的人。

There are groups aimed at new parents, at those who want to [try] a new sport for the first time, or networking events for those in the same profession to meet up and [share] ideas.

有面向新手父母的团体，有面向想第一次{{12}}一项新运动的人的团体，还有供同行聚会、{{13}}想法的交流活动。

This word “Caravanserais” is a [combination] of the Persian words “Karvan”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and “saray”, a palace or enclosed building.

“Caravanserais”这个词是波斯语单词“Karvan”和“saray”的组合，前者意为一群旅行者或商队，后者意为宫殿或封闭的建筑。

The term caravan was used to [describe] groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, [such as] merchants, travellers or pilgrims.

“商队”一词用来描述出于安全原因结伴穿越这一古老路网的人群，例如商人、旅行者或朝圣者。

“They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion,” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education.

“他们轻率地把学者和科学家毕生的工作当作又一种被误导的观点而不予理会，”得克萨斯自由网络的高级传播策略师丹·奎因说，该组织是一个监督公共教育的非营利团体。

A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher.

由科学家和教师组成的非营利团体——美国国家科学教育中心去年开展了一项研究，考察全国各州公立学校如何在科学课上讲授气候变化，结果只有勉强一半的州获得了B+或更高的评级。

In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications.

2016年，研究人员开发了一种算法来识别可疑的引用模式，包括过度相互引用的作者群体，以及为提高各自刊物影响因子而频繁互引的期刊群体。

In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications.

2016年，研究人员开发了一种算法来识别可疑的引用模式，包括过度相互引用的作者群体，以及为提高各自刊物影响因子而频繁互引的期刊群体。

For example, AI can be used to analyse what type of advertising content or copy would be appropriate to ‘speak’ to a specific target customer group by revealing information about trends and preferences through the analysis of big data.

例如，人工智能可以通过分析大数据揭示有关趋势和偏好的信息，从而分析哪种广告内容或文案适合向特定目标客户群“喊话”。

The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later, because they knew they could find it on their computers.

后一组人在之后接受相关测试时根本没有努力去回忆这些信息，因为他们知道可以在电脑上找到。

In the same study, a group was asked to remember both the information and the folders it was stored in.

在同一项研究中，有一组人被要求既记住信息，又记住存放信息的文件夹。

Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.

另一组的购买比例仍保持在52%。

(46) Those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.

(46) 这些社会走出战争时，其（高等教育）入学率在战前几十年里一直大致稳定在相应年龄组人口的3%至5%。

(47) And the demand that rose in those societies for entry to higher education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of attending a university before the war.

(47) 而且，这些社会中兴起的接受高等教育的需求扩展到了战前从未想过上大学的群体和社会阶层。

And third, growth was reflected in changes in the proportion of the relevant age group enrolled in institutions of higher education.

第三，增长体现在相应年龄组中进入高等院校就读者所占比例的变化上。

Critically, another group was asked to spend a minute writing down reasons for their judgment, before giving the rating.

关键的是，另一组参与者被要求在打分前花一分钟写下他们做出判断的理由。

Maybe you haven’t finished thinking the problem through, or you want to get a clearer sense of what the group thinks.

也许你还没把问题想透，或者你想更清楚地了解团队的想法。

A group of Labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK “town of culture” award.

包括伊薇特·库珀在内的一批工党议员以一项倡议迎接新年：设立英国“文化之镇”奖。

It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations.

要做好这一点很难，需要非凡的远见，也需要市政当局、私营部门、社区团体和文化组织之间的合作。

Retail trade groups praised the ruling, saying it levels the playing field for local and online businesses.

零售贸易团体对这项裁决表示赞扬，称它为本地企业和网络企业创造了公平的竞争环境。

The Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council advocacy group said in a statement, “Small businesses and internet entrepreneurs are not well served at all by this decision.”

倡导团体“小企业与创业委员会”在一份声明中说：“这项裁决根本没有照顾到小企业和互联网创业者的利益。”

The other issue is that many children — especially older ones — may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside, Calif.

加州里弗赛德诺里斯集团的亚伦·诺里斯说，另一个问题是，许多孩子——尤其是年龄较大的孩子——可能是从HGTV（家居园艺频道）的节目中获得房地产知识的。

A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14 and 24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories.

奈特基金会针对14至24岁年轻人开展的一项焦点小组调查发现，他们利用“分布式信任”来核实新闻。

A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting.

巴纳研究集团的一项调查发现，美国人认为假新闻现象的首要原因是“读者的错误”，其程度超过了编造的报道或报道中的事实错误。

“This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.

巴纳集团主编罗克珊·斯通说：“这表明在应对这一问题上，个人负有切实的责任。”

And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer — Congress — insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected.

而从邮政工会到贺卡制造商等各种利益集团，都出于自身利益向美国邮政署的最终监管者——国会——施压，坚持认为无论邮政署发生什么其他变化，他们所依赖的现状的各个方面都必须得到保护。

But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House.

但邮政特殊利益集团似乎已经扼杀了这一提议，至少在众议院是如此。

the interference from interest groups.

利益集团的干预。

What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting?

哪个政治记者、哪个党鞭会不想知道特蕾莎·梅的政敌们目前正在密谋的那些WhatsApp群组的成员构成呢？

Tim Harford, author of Messy: The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, day by day.

《混乱：无序改变生活的力量》一书的作者蒂姆·哈福德提到20世纪80年代初的一项研究，该研究把大学生分成两组：一组被建议制定每月的目标和学习活动；另一组则被要求逐日、更加详细地规划活动和目标。

A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.

一小群直言不讳的夏威夷人和环保主义者长期以来一直认为，这些望远镜的存在是对圣地的不敬，也痛苦地提醒着人们这个曾经的主权国家被占领的历史。

Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.

绝不能允许官员仅仅因为某个人或团体提供了竞选捐款或个人礼物，就在提供信息或安排会面上偏袒他们。

Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court.

一些国会议员正试图阻止该计划，至少十几个行业团体、四个州和三个环保团体正在联邦法院对其提出质疑。

Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court.

一些国会议员正试图阻止该计划，至少十几个行业团体、四个州和三个环保团体正在联邦法院对其提出质疑。

Not surprisingly, industry groups and states generally argue it goes too far; environmentalists say it doesn’t go far enough.

不出所料，行业团体和各州普遍认为它管得太过了，而环保人士则说它做得还不够。

environmental groups.

环保团体。

industry groups.

行业团体。

Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations.

年轻人和老年人在一个关键点上看法一致：两个群体中的绝大多数人都表示，他们认为如今的年轻人比前几代人更难开启人生。

While younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those “just getting started in life” face a tougher climb than earlier generations in reaching such signpost achievements as securing a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.

尽管年轻人对如今刚起步者的前景比长辈们稍微乐观一些，但两个群体中的大多数人都认为，那些“刚刚开启人生”的人在实现诸如获得一份高薪工作、成家、管理债务和找到负担得起的住房等标志性成就方面，要比前几代人面临更艰难的攀登。

Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role”.

哈佛大学公共卫生学院的生物统计学家、统计审稿编辑委员会成员乔瓦尼·帕尔米贾尼表示，他预计该委员会将“主要发挥咨询作用”。

This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”

这种影响不仅会通过《科学》杂志本身的出版物体现，而且有望通过更多可能效仿《科学》做法的出版机构体现出来。”

Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.

英格兰人、法国人、德国人、苏格兰人、爱尔兰人、荷兰人、瑞典人以及其他许多民族一批接一批地横渡大西洋而来，试图把他们的习惯和传统移植到新大陆。

(48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.

(48) 但是，美洲特有的地理条件的影响、各民族群体之间的相互作用，以及在一片未开发的新大陆上保持旧大陆生活方式的极大困难，引起了重大的变化。

And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students.

而当大学不谈论不同学生群体在阶层上的优势和劣势时，这个问题就变得更加严重。

But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.

但蒂娜·罗森伯格在她的新书《加入俱乐部》中主张，同伴压力也可以通过她所说的“社会疗法”成为一种积极力量：机构和官员借助群体动力的力量，帮助个人改善生活，甚至可能改善世界。

There's no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior.

毫无疑问，同伴群体对我们的行为有着巨大的影响。

Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions.

然而，远不能确定的是，专家和官员能在多大程度上成功地为我们挑选同伴群体，并把他们的活动引向正确的方向。

a stimulus to group dynamics.

群体动力的刺激因素。

The teachers' unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.

教师工会盯着学校，加州惩教人员协会盯着监狱，各种劳工团体则盯着医疗保健。

Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume.

即使在社交媒体普及之后，生产金字塔依然存在：少数人上传素材，稍多一些的人评论或修改这些内容，而绝大多数人仍满足于单纯消费。

classify consumers into smaller groups.

把消费者划分为更小的群体。

The Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), a trade group, assured members that this was just a “preliminary step” in a longer battle.

行业组织生物技术产业组织（BIO）向会员保证，这只是一场持久战中的“初步阶段”。

Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.

不到两周，他就首次与哈特福德金融服务集团的董事会进行了接洽，该集团于9月29日任命他为首席执行官兼董事长。