information简单

The thing itself is the medium that delivers the information.

物品本身就是传递信息的媒介。

Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information.

图书馆和档案馆传统上承担着组织、保存信息并提供信息获取途径的责任。

When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be: if not librarians and archivists, then no one.

说到原生数字信息，答案可能令人恐惧：如果不是图书馆员和档案管理员，那就没有人了。

Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog.

数字信息比模拟信息需要多得多的照料。

Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself.

即使一个数字对象被保存下来，保存的也可能只是载体，而不是信息本身。

Yet researchers can take some comfort in the fact that there are a multitude of librarians devoted to discovering, organizing, and preserving digital information for researchers current and future.

不过研究人员可以感到些许欣慰的是，有众多图书馆员致力于为当下和未来的研究人员发现、整理和保存数字信息。

Librarians are uniquely positioned to understand how end users seek and use information.

图书馆员拥有独特的优势，能够了解终端用户如何查找和使用信息。

convey information in a more direct way.

以更直接的方式传递信息。

the possibility of losing information in obsolete formats.

信息因格式过时而丢失的可能性。

the inconvenience of storing information on analog devices.

在模拟设备上存储信息的不便。

In the information era, large data sets, small teams and financial restrictions have slowed scientific process.

在信息时代，庞大的数据集、小规模的团队和资金限制拖慢了科学进程。

Everyone wants to be that person — the one who looks at the same information as everyone else, but who sees a fresh, innovative solution.

每个人都想成为那样的人——和别人看着同样的信息，却能看出一个新颖、创新的解决方案。

collect user information without consent.

未经同意收集用户信息。

Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.

据推测，自由放养的大象也会利用这些信息来找到自己喜欢的食物。

While these apps have a great deal to offer, it is not always clear how the personal information we input is collected, safeguarded and shared online.

虽然这些应用能提供很多东西，但我们输入的个人信息是如何在网上被收集、保护和共享的，却并不总是清楚的。

The health information these apps and health data tracking wearables are collecting typically do not receive the same legal protections.

这些应用和追踪健康数据的可穿戴设备所收集的健康信息通常得不到同样的法律保护。

Without additional protections in place, companies may share (and potentially monetize) personal health information in a way consumers may not have authorized or anticipated.

如果没有额外的保护措施，公司可能会以消费者未曾授权或预料到的方式共享（并可能借此牟利）个人健康信息。

Flo Health and the FTC settled the matter with a Consent Order requiring the company to get app users’ express affirmative consent before sharing their health information as well as to instruct the third parties to delete the data they had obtained.

Flo Health与联邦贸易委员会以一份同意令了结此事，该同意令要求该公司在共享应用用户的健康信息之前须获得用户明确的肯定同意，并指示第三方删除其已获取的数据。

While the FTC is doing what it can to ensure apps are keeping their promises to consumers around the handling of their sensitive health information, the rate at which these health apps are hitting the market demonstrates just how immense of a challenge this is.

尽管联邦贸易委员会正在尽其所能，确保应用程序在处理消费者敏感健康信息方面信守对消费者的承诺，但这些健康应用涌入市场的速度表明，这是一个多么巨大的挑战。

Before sharing its users’ health information, Flo Health is required to ____

在共享用户健康信息之前，Flo Health被要求____

The complexity of health information.

健康信息的复杂性。

For example, AI can be used to analyse what type of advertising content or copy would be appropriate to ‘speak’ to a specific target customer group by revealing information about trends and preferences through the analysis of big data.

例如，人工智能可以通过分析大数据揭示有关趋势和偏好的信息，从而分析哪种广告内容或文案适合向特定目标客户群“喊话”。

(47) Some believe that AI is negatively impacting on the marketer’s role by reducing creativity and removing jobs, but they are aware that it is a way of reducing costs and creating new information.

(47) 一些人认为，人工智能削弱了创造力、减少了工作岗位，从而对营销人员的角色产生了负面影响，但他们也意识到，它是降低成本、创造新信息的一种方式。

(49) If customers are not willing to share data, AI will be starved of essential information and will not be able to function effectively or employ machine learning to improve its marketing content and communication.

(49) 如果客户不愿意分享数据，人工智能就会缺乏必要的信息，无法有效运作，也无法利用机器学习来改进其营销内容和沟通。

Half of the participants were told the information would be erased, while the other half were told it would be saved.

一半参与者被告知这些信息将被删除，另一半则被告知信息会被保存。

The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later, because they knew they could find it on their computers.

后一组人在之后接受相关测试时根本没有努力去回忆这些信息，因为他们知道可以在电脑上找到。

In the same study, a group was asked to remember both the information and the folders it was stored in.

在同一项研究中，有一组人被要求既记住信息，又记住存放信息的文件夹。

They didn’t remember the information, but they remembered how to find the folders.

他们没有记住信息本身，却记住了如何找到那些文件夹。

analyze information in detail.

详细分析信息。

collect information efficiently.

高效收集信息。

helps us identify false information.

帮助我们识别虚假信息。

leak user information for profit.

为牟利泄露用户信息

AI replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.

人工智能取代了你工作中枯燥的部分。如果你在做研究，你可以让人工智能去寻找相关的资料和信息，否则你根本没有时间去找。

This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information about their many small acquisitions over the past decade.

本周，它要求美国市值最高的五家科技公司提供过去十年中它们众多小型收购的信息。

And people made car-buying decisions that were both objectively better and more personally satisfying when asked to focus on their feelings rather than on details, but only if the decision was complex — when they had a lot of information to process.

而当人们被要求关注自己的感受而非细节时，他们做出的购车决定在客观上更好，个人也更满意，但这仅限于决策复杂的情况——即他们有大量信息需要处理时。

People can contribute experience or information to your thinking — all the things that would make the disagreement stronger or more valid.

人们可以为你的思考贡献经验或信息——所有这些都会让你的反对意见更有力、更有根据。

(50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase “sapere aude” or “dare to know”, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay “An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?”.

(50) 在伊曼努尔·康德在其论文《回答这个问题：什么是启蒙？》中使用了拉丁语短语“sapere aude”（即“敢于求知”）之后，这一短语便概括了这种探求知识、理解已知信息的行为。

Reveal, don’t hide, information

透露而不是隐瞒信息

In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shorter attention spans in financial markets.

此外，新的数字技术使股票交易更加迅速、信息使用更加快捷，从而使金融市场的关注周期变得更短。

I use my bimonthly weigh-in [results] to get information about my nutrition as well.

我也利用每月两次的称重结果来了解自己的营养状况。

This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information.

这迫使用户更加意识到自己在传播信息中所扮演的角色。

the administration’s ability to handle information.

政府处理信息的能力。

It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.

正是在这样的背景下，信息专员伊丽莎白·德纳姆对NHS下属的皇家自由医院信托作出了措辞严厉的裁决。该信托在2015年依据一份含糊的协议将160万名患者的记录交给了DeepMind，而这份协议对患者的权利及其对隐私的期望考虑得太少了。

In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration.

据美国能源信息署报告，今年3月，风能和太阳能发电首次占到美国发电量的10%以上。

user information.

用户信息。

stay longer in the information technology industry.

在信息技术行业待得更久。

The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload.

可供选择的商品数量之多，足以让购物者陷入信息过载的状态。

They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, going through a suspect’s purse.

他们首先应该摒弃加州站不住脚的论点，即查看智能手机——一个庞大的数字信息库——的内容，类似于翻查嫌疑人的钱包。

But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life.

但在这些设备上存储敏感信息，日益成为正常生活的必需。

Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.

法学教授奥林·科尔将21世纪数字信息的爆炸式增长和易获取性，与20世纪汽车成为几乎必不可少的生活必需品相提并论：当年大法官们必须为乘用车这一新的私人领域制定新规则；如今他们必须理清第四修正案如何适用于数字信息。

Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.

法学教授奥林·科尔将21世纪数字信息的爆炸式增长和易获取性，与20世纪汽车成为几乎必不可少的生活必需品相提并论：当年大法官们必须为乘用车这一新的私人领域制定新规则；如今他们必须理清第四修正案如何适用于数字信息。

phones are used to store sensitive information.

手机被用来存储敏感信息。

You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.

你会推断出你觉得作者通过向你呈现具体证据和线索而邀请你领会的信息。

Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.

我们是在研读那篇文本，并试图以满足某门课程要求的方式作出回应吗？是单纯为了消遣而阅读吗？还是为了获取信息而略读？在火车上或床上阅读的方式很可能与在研讨室里阅读大不相同。

How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.

当地面上什么也看不见时，考古学家怎么知道到哪里去找他们要找的东西呢？通常，他们会对大片地域进行勘测和取样（进行试掘），以确定在哪里发掘能获得有用的信息。勘测和试样对于了解包含考古遗址在内的更大范围的地貌也变得十分重要。

Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knosós), on the island of Crete, in 1900.

然而，大多数考古遗址是由专门去寻找它们的考古学家发现的。这样的搜寻可能要花上数年。英国考古学家霍华德·卡特从其他遗址中发现的信息得知，埃及法老图坦卡蒙的陵墓是存在的。卡特在帝王谷的碎石中筛查了七年，才于1922年找到了这座陵墓。19世纪末，英国考古学家阿瑟·埃文斯爵士搜遍了希腊雅典的古董店。他在寻找一些小型雕刻印章，据认为它们属于公元前15世纪至公元前13世纪统治希腊的古迈锡尼文化。埃文斯对这些雕刻的解读最终使他于1900年在克里特岛上的克诺索斯发现了米诺斯王宫。

People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.

总的来说，人们在做个人决策时不善于考虑背景信息。

But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big [picture] was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.

但乌里·西蒙松博士推测，无法顾全大局会导致决策者受到他们每天所处理的信息样本的影响而产生偏差。

In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads?

过去几周里的一场争论说明了这类精细信息对广告商的价值：广告商是否应该假定人们乐于被追踪并接收行为定向广告？

Bob Liodice, the chief executive of the Association of National Advertisers, says consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information about their preferences.

全美广告商协会首席执行官鲍勃·利奥迪斯说，如果该行业无法收集消费者的偏好信息，消费者的处境会更糟。

digital information analysts.

数字信息分析人员。

We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information [stored] there.

我们常常听到媒体报道说，有未经授权的黑客侵入计算机数据库，篡改了其中存储的信息。

Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.

戴维森的文章是近来出现的众多文章之一，这些文章都指出：如今失业率居高不下、中产阶级收入不断下降，很大程度上是由于大衰退导致需求大幅下滑，但也是由于全球化和信息技术革命的推进，它们正以前所未有的速度用机器或外国工人取代劳动力。

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study.

婚姻专家约翰·戈特曼解释说，只有在把这种快速反应建立在“厚切片”式的长期研究基础之上后，我们才能可靠地对信息进行快速的“薄切片”判断。

adequate information.

充分的信息。

I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs.

我从来不会因为大脑吸收的信息量太大而感到不堪重负。

My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly.

我的大脑似乎能够应付自如，信息都被整整齐齐地储存起来。

Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.

其他营销者的入驻除了带来收入，还使该网站显得客观，让公司有机会了解有关其他公司营销吸引力的宝贵信息，并可能有助于为所有相关公司扩大用户流量。

information

信息

Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”

英国皇家精神科医学院院长迪内希·布格拉教授说：“如果让孩子们了解食物对他们成长的影响，知道有些东西会造成伤害，那么至少他们事先就能获得这些信息。”