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- v. 朗读未考
大纲外大纲词表没有列出、但真题里用到的意思。
v. 阅读35 次
If, like most business people, you spend your life dashing from office to plane, train to home, boardroom to washroom, what you really need to do is stay in more, sit down — and read a book.
如果你像大多数商务人士一样，一辈子都在奔波——从办公室到飞机，从火车到家里，从会议室到洗手间——那么你真正需要做的是多待在家里，坐下来——读一本书。
Read fiction.
读小说吧。
And just read a single poem. In his Oxford lectures, Seamus Heaney argued that a poem draws a picture of reality, a “glimpsed alternative” that sets up a contradiction with your own, in ways little and large. The negotiation, between you and it, is the heart of the matter. What does the poet see that you don’t? What does the difference mean? It could be one of the best conversations you ever have. Forget self-help books; reading is self-help in action.
再读一首诗就好。谢默斯·希尼在牛津的讲座中提出，一首诗描绘了一幅现实图景，即一种“瞥见的另一种可能”，它在大大小小的方面与你自己的现实形成矛盾。你与诗之间的协商才是问题的核心。诗人看到了什么你没看到的东西？这种差异意味着什么？这可能是你一生中最好的对话之一。忘掉那些自助类书籍吧；阅读本身就是付诸行动的自助。
But for the most part, this isn’t what the business community does. I have yet to meet a chief executive who reads regularly. Many skip newspapers, and magazines are a stretch. They don’t have time, they say. It’s inefficient; they can get the information they need from those around them. At a pinch, they might pick up a business book before a long flight, in the hope that, like a cookbook, it will provide a foolproof recipe. Some are drawn to what I think of as “business car crash” books — the stories of Theranos, Purdue, or WeWork. But outside those narrow pools of interest, a vast ocean awaits, bountiful with simmering ideas, mental adventure and imaginative refreshment.
但在大多数情况下，商界人士并不这样做。我还从未见过一位经常阅读的首席执行官。许多人不看报纸，杂志对他们来说也很勉强。他们说自己没有时间。阅读效率太低；他们可以从身边的人那里获得所需的信息。实在不得已时，他们可能会在长途飞行前拿起一本商业书籍，希望它能像食谱一样提供万无一失的秘诀。有些人被我所说的“商业车祸”类书籍所吸引——比如Theranos、普渡或WeWork的故事。但在这些狭小的兴趣池之外，一片浩瀚的海洋正等待着你，那里满是酝酿中的思想、心灵的冒险和想象力的焕新。
I first discovered the Napoleonic cryptographic battle a few years ago when I was reading Sir Charles Oman’s epic History of the Peninsular War.
几年前，我在阅读查尔斯·欧曼爵士的鸿篇巨制《半岛战争史》时，第一次发现了拿破仑时代的密码战。
I was keen to read more, but was surprised to find that Oman’s appendix, published in 1914, was the only considered thing that had been written about this secret war.
我很想读到更多相关内容，却惊讶地发现，欧曼1914年出版的这篇附录是唯一一篇经过深思熟虑写就的关于这场秘密战争的文字。
展开其余 29 条收起
Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can; it’s the one [indispensable] supporter — something you can’t do without.
任何作家都需要尽可能多、尽可能广泛地阅读；这是一个不可或缺的支撑——是你离不开的东西。
Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion.
在四个大型哲学班中，一半学生阅读了一篇关于工厂化养殖肉类伦理问题的文章，可选择性地观看了一段关于该话题的11分钟视频，并参加了50分钟的讨论。
It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was.
直到我开始为医学期刊撰写每周专栏，并开始从头到尾阅读科学论文之后，我才意识到许多医学文献常常有多么糟糕。
Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?
人们为什么要去看网上的负面评论，去做其他明显会带来痛苦的事情？
In other words, don’t read online comments.
换句话说，别去看网上的评论。
Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!
每个人都是一本值得一读、值得与之交谈的好书！
The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes.
这个男孩坚信，只要读的书足够多，他就可以探索任意多条自己喜欢的职业道路。
And so he reads — everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels.
于是他开始读书——从百科全书到科幻小说，无所不读。
He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table.
他读得如此入迷，以至于他的父母不得不定下“餐桌上禁止读书”的规矩。
That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet — not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet.
那个男孩就是比尔·盖茨，他至今仍未停止阅读——即使在成为世界上最成功的人之一以后也是如此。
Nowadays, his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year.
如今，他的阅读材料已不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，他透露自己每年至少读50本非虚构类书籍。
But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There’s never any time to read.
但有一种具体的抱怨听起来尤其令人伤感：永远没有时间读书。
The web’s full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times.”
网上到处都是提供挤时间读书窍门的文章：“别看电视了”或者“随时随身带本书”。
Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning — or else you’re so exhausted that a challenging book’s the last thing you need.
坐下来读书时，与工作相关的思绪像飞轮一样转个不停——要不然就是你累得筋疲力尽，最不需要的就是一本有难度的书。
You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers.
你可以只读纸质书或者用单一功能的电子阅读器阅读，以此限制干扰。
On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you’re “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.
在状态真正好的日子里，你不再觉得自己是在“挤时间读书”，而只是在读书，并为其他一切事情挤出时间。
On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you’re “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.
在状态真正好的日子里，你不再觉得自己是在“挤时间读书”，而只是在读书，并为其他一切事情挤出时间。
How to Find Time to Read.
如何找到时间阅读。
How to Read Extensively.
如何广泛阅读。
What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world.
这里所讨论的，并不是去获取某种可以直接读出并核对其准确性的绝对的、固定的或“真实的”意义，也不是文本与世界之间某种永恒不变的关系。
How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.
我们如何阅读某一文本，在一定程度上也取决于我们阅读它的特定兴趣。
How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.
我们如何阅读某一文本，在一定程度上也取决于我们阅读它的特定兴趣。
Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.
我们是在研读那篇文本，并试图以满足某门课程要求的方式作出回应吗？是单纯为了消遣而阅读吗？还是为了获取信息而略读？在火车上或床上阅读的方式很可能与在研讨室里阅读大不相同。
Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.
诸如我们阅读时所处的地点和时代，以及我们的性别、民族、年龄和社会阶层等因素，会促使我们倾向于某些解读，但同时也会遮蔽甚至排除其他解读。
If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.
如果她希望这笔新得的财富能带来持久的满足感，不妨读一读伊丽莎白·邓恩和迈克尔·诺顿合著的《快乐的金钱》。
Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating.
多伦多大学的心理学家发现，仅仅看几毫秒的快餐标志，就会促使我们的阅读速度加快20%，尽管阅读与吃饭几乎毫无关系。
The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree.
《观念的市场：美国大学的改革与阻力》这本精妙而睿智的小书，每一个打算申请攻读博士学位的学生都应该读一读。
His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” — they form a sort of social glue.
他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等。这些学科正在变得不受欢迎：如今22%的美国大学毕业生主修商科，而主修历史的只有2%，主修英语的只有4%。然而，许多美国一流大学希望本科生打好基础，掌握每一个受过教育的人都应具备的基本思想经典。但大多数大学难以就“通识教育”应该是什么样子达成一致。梅南先生指出，在哈佛，“名著之所以被阅读，是因为它们一直被人阅读”——它们形成了一种社会黏合剂。
His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” — they form a sort of social glue.
他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等。这些学科正在变得不受欢迎：如今22%的美国大学毕业生主修商科，而主修历史的只有2%，主修英语的只有4%。然而，许多美国一流大学希望本科生打好基础，掌握每一个受过教育的人都应具备的基本思想经典。但大多数大学难以就“通识教育”应该是什么样子达成一致。梅南先生指出，在哈佛，“名著之所以被阅读，是因为它们一直被人阅读”——它们形成了一种社会黏合剂。
vt. 辨认，观察2 次
It is increasingly easy to read donkeys’ DNA sequences.
解读驴的DNA序列变得越来越容易。
It sends a mixed message, and your counterpart gets to choose what signals to read.
它传递出矛盾的信息，而对方就可以选择去解读哪些信号。
vi. 读到，获悉1 次
Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List” of threatened species of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and you will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.”
在世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）的濒危物种“红色名录”中查找智人，你会读到：“列为无危物种，因为该物种分布极广、适应性强、目前数量正在增长，且不存在导致其总体数量下降的重大威胁。”
v. （文字）写着，写道大纲外1 次
Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”.
研究中写道，视觉识别是“一种自动的心理过程，迅速、直觉地发生，几乎没有或完全没有明显的有意识思考”。
v. 理解为，意思是大纲外1 次
No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.
考虑到在没有伴侣可依靠的情况下抚养孩子有多辛苦，这并不令人震惊；然而听桑德拉和布兰妮说起来，她们“独自”（意思是：有全天候的帮手）抚养孩子却是小菜一碟。
义项待标注1 次
(46) It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.
（46）这也是一场编码者与破译者之间的战斗，甚至许多熟读这段历史的人都不知道这一点。